Physical activity and cognitive functioning are closely linked, with motor activity playing a crucial role in the development of both physical and mental abilities in children, regardless of whether they are able-bodied or disabled. Motor activity enhances physical efficiency, promotes health, facilitates social relationships, and supports cognitive processes. Research indicates that adequate motor activity can significantly improve learning and cognitive functions, especially through neuroplasticity, which allows the brain to adapt and reorganize itself in response to new experiences. This process is supported by factors such as neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and the production of neurotrophic factors like BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor), which are essential for brain development and function. Aerobic motor activity, in particular, has been shown to increase BDNF levels, enhance hippocampal function, and improve memory and executive functions. Additionally, motor activity has been found to have protective effects against cognitive decline, especially in older adults, by reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases and improving brain health. Studies also suggest that anaerobic exercise may have different effects on cognitive function compared to aerobic exercise, with aerobic exercise showing more consistent benefits. Overall, motor activity is a key factor in cognitive development and learning, and integrating motor-based activities into education can enhance cognitive performance and learning outcomes. The review emphasizes the importance of incorporating motor activity into school curricula to support cognitive development and learning in children.Physical activity and cognitive functioning are closely linked, with motor activity playing a crucial role in the development of both physical and mental abilities in children, regardless of whether they are able-bodied or disabled. Motor activity enhances physical efficiency, promotes health, facilitates social relationships, and supports cognitive processes. Research indicates that adequate motor activity can significantly improve learning and cognitive functions, especially through neuroplasticity, which allows the brain to adapt and reorganize itself in response to new experiences. This process is supported by factors such as neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and the production of neurotrophic factors like BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor), which are essential for brain development and function. Aerobic motor activity, in particular, has been shown to increase BDNF levels, enhance hippocampal function, and improve memory and executive functions. Additionally, motor activity has been found to have protective effects against cognitive decline, especially in older adults, by reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases and improving brain health. Studies also suggest that anaerobic exercise may have different effects on cognitive function compared to aerobic exercise, with aerobic exercise showing more consistent benefits. Overall, motor activity is a key factor in cognitive development and learning, and integrating motor-based activities into education can enhance cognitive performance and learning outcomes. The review emphasizes the importance of incorporating motor activity into school curricula to support cognitive development and learning in children.