This study investigates the combined association of physical activity and a Mediterranean-type diet with the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The research is based on a prospective cohort study of 1880 community-dwelling elders in New York, New York, who were followed for an average of 5.4 years. The study found that both higher adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet and more physical activity were independently associated with a lower risk of AD. Specifically, individuals who adhered to the diet and participated in physical activity had a 65% lower risk of AD compared to those who did neither. The findings suggest that both healthy eating and regular physical activity may independently reduce the risk of AD, providing valuable insights for public health interventions.This study investigates the combined association of physical activity and a Mediterranean-type diet with the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The research is based on a prospective cohort study of 1880 community-dwelling elders in New York, New York, who were followed for an average of 5.4 years. The study found that both higher adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet and more physical activity were independently associated with a lower risk of AD. Specifically, individuals who adhered to the diet and participated in physical activity had a 65% lower risk of AD compared to those who did neither. The findings suggest that both healthy eating and regular physical activity may independently reduce the risk of AD, providing valuable insights for public health interventions.