This review discusses the role of various phytochemicals, plant and herbal extracts, and probiotics in mitigating the toxic effects of heavy metals (HMs) on human health. HMs, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic, pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence in the environment and their accumulation in food chains. Chelation therapy is an effective treatment for HM poisoning, but it has side effects. Dietary components and phytoantioxidants play a crucial role in preventing or reducing the damage caused by HMs. The review highlights the protective mechanisms of flavonoids, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), curcumin, ferulic acid, ellagic acid, plant and herbal extracts, and probiotics against HM-induced toxicity. Flavonoids, such as quercetin, hesperidin, and hesperetin, exhibit antioxidant and chelating properties, reducing HM accumulation and oxidative stress. EGCG, found in green tea, scavenges ROS, enhances HM excretion, and protects against oxidative stress. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound, chelates metal ions and induces detoxifying enzymes. Ferulic acid and ellagic acid also exhibit antioxidant and chelating properties, reducing HM toxicity. Plant extracts like garlic, Centella asiatica, and Aloe vera have been shown to reduce HM-mediated toxicity in experimental animals. Probiotics, particularly Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, bind HMs and facilitate their excretion. The review emphasizes the potential of these natural compounds in mitigating HM toxicity and promoting human health.This review discusses the role of various phytochemicals, plant and herbal extracts, and probiotics in mitigating the toxic effects of heavy metals (HMs) on human health. HMs, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic, pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence in the environment and their accumulation in food chains. Chelation therapy is an effective treatment for HM poisoning, but it has side effects. Dietary components and phytoantioxidants play a crucial role in preventing or reducing the damage caused by HMs. The review highlights the protective mechanisms of flavonoids, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), curcumin, ferulic acid, ellagic acid, plant and herbal extracts, and probiotics against HM-induced toxicity. Flavonoids, such as quercetin, hesperidin, and hesperetin, exhibit antioxidant and chelating properties, reducing HM accumulation and oxidative stress. EGCG, found in green tea, scavenges ROS, enhances HM excretion, and protects against oxidative stress. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound, chelates metal ions and induces detoxifying enzymes. Ferulic acid and ellagic acid also exhibit antioxidant and chelating properties, reducing HM toxicity. Plant extracts like garlic, Centella asiatica, and Aloe vera have been shown to reduce HM-mediated toxicity in experimental animals. Probiotics, particularly Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, bind HMs and facilitate their excretion. The review emphasizes the potential of these natural compounds in mitigating HM toxicity and promoting human health.