DECEMBER 2002 | George V. Eleftheriades, Senior Member, IEEE, Ashwin K. Iyer, Student Member, IEEE, and Peter C. Kremer
This paper presents a new approach to designing planar media with a negative refractive index using periodically loaded transmission lines. The authors propose using a dual configuration of inductors and capacitors in a distributed network to achieve negative permittivity and permeability, which are essential for negative refraction. This approach allows for the creation of left-handed media (LHM) that support backward waves and can focus electromagnetic waves. The paper describes the theoretical foundations of this approach, including the derivation of effective material parameters from distributed L-C networks and the conditions for negative refraction. It also presents the design of periodic L-C loaded transmission line networks and demonstrates their ability to support backward waves and focusing. The authors then present microwave circuit simulations and full-wave field simulations that confirm the negative refraction and focusing properties of the proposed media. Finally, the paper presents experimental results that verify the focusing behavior of the LHM structure. The results show that the proposed planar media can achieve negative refraction and focusing, demonstrating their potential for use in RF/microwave applications. The paper concludes that the proposed approach offers a promising alternative to traditional methods of creating metamaterials with negative refractive indices.This paper presents a new approach to designing planar media with a negative refractive index using periodically loaded transmission lines. The authors propose using a dual configuration of inductors and capacitors in a distributed network to achieve negative permittivity and permeability, which are essential for negative refraction. This approach allows for the creation of left-handed media (LHM) that support backward waves and can focus electromagnetic waves. The paper describes the theoretical foundations of this approach, including the derivation of effective material parameters from distributed L-C networks and the conditions for negative refraction. It also presents the design of periodic L-C loaded transmission line networks and demonstrates their ability to support backward waves and focusing. The authors then present microwave circuit simulations and full-wave field simulations that confirm the negative refraction and focusing properties of the proposed media. Finally, the paper presents experimental results that verify the focusing behavior of the LHM structure. The results show that the proposed planar media can achieve negative refraction and focusing, demonstrating their potential for use in RF/microwave applications. The paper concludes that the proposed approach offers a promising alternative to traditional methods of creating metamaterials with negative refractive indices.