This review discusses the adaptive mechanisms plants employ to cope with salt stress, focusing on morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes. Plants tolerant of NaCl exhibit increased root/canopy ratios, chlorophyll content, and altered leaf anatomy to prevent ion toxicity and maintain water status. Salt stress affects photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence, with mechanisms like the xanthophyll cycle and photorespiration pathway protecting the photosynthetic machinery. The review also covers salt-induced oxidative stress and its impact on antioxidant machinery in both salt-tolerant and sensitive plants. The aim is to enhance understanding of how salinity influences plant physiological characteristics. Key adaptive mechanisms include salt exclusion, elimination, succulence, and redistribution, as well as the accumulation of soluble carbohydrates and selective ion compartmentation. The review highlights the importance of root system morphology, leaf anatomy, and water relations in plant responses to salinity, and discusses the effects of salinity on growth parameters, visual quality, and leaf ultrastructure.This review discusses the adaptive mechanisms plants employ to cope with salt stress, focusing on morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes. Plants tolerant of NaCl exhibit increased root/canopy ratios, chlorophyll content, and altered leaf anatomy to prevent ion toxicity and maintain water status. Salt stress affects photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence, with mechanisms like the xanthophyll cycle and photorespiration pathway protecting the photosynthetic machinery. The review also covers salt-induced oxidative stress and its impact on antioxidant machinery in both salt-tolerant and sensitive plants. The aim is to enhance understanding of how salinity influences plant physiological characteristics. Key adaptive mechanisms include salt exclusion, elimination, succulence, and redistribution, as well as the accumulation of soluble carbohydrates and selective ion compartmentation. The review highlights the importance of root system morphology, leaf anatomy, and water relations in plant responses to salinity, and discusses the effects of salinity on growth parameters, visual quality, and leaf ultrastructure.