Plasma-surface modification (PSM) is an effective and economical technique for enhancing the surface properties of biomaterials while preserving their bulk characteristics. This review discusses various plasma techniques used in biomedical engineering, such as plasma sputtering, etching, implantation, and deposition. PSM allows selective modification of surface properties, improving biocompatibility, mechanical performance, and functionality of biomedical devices. It is particularly useful in applications like hard tissue replacement, blood-contacting prostheses, and ophthalmic devices. Plasma-based techniques offer advantages such as high ion density, uniformity, and compatibility with different materials. They can also be used for surface patterning and are compatible with masking techniques. PSM is increasingly popular in biomedical engineering due to its ability to enhance device performance without requiring new materials. Plasma sources include gaseous, metallic, and laser-based systems, each with unique characteristics. Plasma-surface modification techniques such as sputtering, etching, and implantation are used to alter surface properties, while plasma deposition is used to create coatings with desired properties. The review highlights the importance of surface modification in improving the biocompatibility and functionality of biomaterials, and discusses the current status and future directions of PSM in biomedical applications.Plasma-surface modification (PSM) is an effective and economical technique for enhancing the surface properties of biomaterials while preserving their bulk characteristics. This review discusses various plasma techniques used in biomedical engineering, such as plasma sputtering, etching, implantation, and deposition. PSM allows selective modification of surface properties, improving biocompatibility, mechanical performance, and functionality of biomedical devices. It is particularly useful in applications like hard tissue replacement, blood-contacting prostheses, and ophthalmic devices. Plasma-based techniques offer advantages such as high ion density, uniformity, and compatibility with different materials. They can also be used for surface patterning and are compatible with masking techniques. PSM is increasingly popular in biomedical engineering due to its ability to enhance device performance without requiring new materials. Plasma sources include gaseous, metallic, and laser-based systems, each with unique characteristics. Plasma-surface modification techniques such as sputtering, etching, and implantation are used to alter surface properties, while plasma deposition is used to create coatings with desired properties. The review highlights the importance of surface modification in improving the biocompatibility and functionality of biomaterials, and discusses the current status and future directions of PSM in biomedical applications.