This article reviews the bioavailability, antioxidative, and anticarcinogenic properties of polyphenols, focusing on their extraction methods and the mechanisms by which they exert their effects. Polyphenols, a diverse group of secondary plant metabolites, are abundant in fruits, vegetables, and herbs. They possess significant antioxidative and anticarcinogenic properties, contributing to the prevention and treatment of various diseases, particularly cancer. The article highlights the importance of nanoformulation and the use of mixtures of polyphenols to enhance their therapeutic effects and reduce toxicity. Supercritical fluid extraction is highlighted as an eco-friendly method for extracting polyphenols, offering better separation and protection from degradation compared to conventional methods. The review also discusses the antioxidant activities of polyphenols, their mechanisms of action, and their sources in various foods. Specific classes of polyphenols, such as flavonoids, are detailed, including their chemical structures, sources, and biological activities. The article emphasizes the role of polyphenols in scavenging free radicals, regulating oxidative stress, and modulating signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. The potential of polyphenols in cancer prevention and treatment is discussed, with a focus on their ability to induce apoptosis, inhibit angiogenesis, and modulate epigenetic changes. The article concludes by highlighting the need for further research to optimize the extraction and utilization of polyphenols to maximize their health benefits.This article reviews the bioavailability, antioxidative, and anticarcinogenic properties of polyphenols, focusing on their extraction methods and the mechanisms by which they exert their effects. Polyphenols, a diverse group of secondary plant metabolites, are abundant in fruits, vegetables, and herbs. They possess significant antioxidative and anticarcinogenic properties, contributing to the prevention and treatment of various diseases, particularly cancer. The article highlights the importance of nanoformulation and the use of mixtures of polyphenols to enhance their therapeutic effects and reduce toxicity. Supercritical fluid extraction is highlighted as an eco-friendly method for extracting polyphenols, offering better separation and protection from degradation compared to conventional methods. The review also discusses the antioxidant activities of polyphenols, their mechanisms of action, and their sources in various foods. Specific classes of polyphenols, such as flavonoids, are detailed, including their chemical structures, sources, and biological activities. The article emphasizes the role of polyphenols in scavenging free radicals, regulating oxidative stress, and modulating signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. The potential of polyphenols in cancer prevention and treatment is discussed, with a focus on their ability to induce apoptosis, inhibit angiogenesis, and modulate epigenetic changes. The article concludes by highlighting the need for further research to optimize the extraction and utilization of polyphenols to maximize their health benefits.