Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a severe swine disease caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), leading to high mortality in newborn piglets. Despite vaccine use, PED outbreaks persist, highlighting the need for improved vaccine strategies. This review summarizes current vaccine technologies and promising approaches for PED control. PEDV, a coronavirus, infects intestinal epithelial cells, causing diarrhea, vomiting, and death. It has spread globally, with outbreaks in Europe, Asia, and the US. PEDV is classified into genogroups G1 and G2, with G2 being more prevalent in recent outbreaks. Live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) are effective but face challenges due to potential reversion to virulence. Inactivated vaccines are safe but require multiple doses. Subunit vaccines, using viral proteins like the S protein, offer safety and defined antigens but require adjuvants for efficacy. Virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines mimic viral structures and induce strong immune responses. Viral vector vaccines, such as those based on adenovirus or vesicular stomatitis virus, show promise in inducing protective immunity. Nucleic acid vaccines, including DNA and mRNA, are cost-effective and rapidly producible but face challenges in stability and immunogenicity. Current vaccines include live attenuated, inactivated, subunit, VLP, viral vector, and nucleic acid vaccines. While LAVs and inactivated vaccines are widely used, their effectiveness is limited by reversion risks and the need for multiple doses. Subunit and VLP vaccines offer safer alternatives with better immunogenicity. Viral vector vaccines, such as those using adenovirus or swinepox virus, have shown potential in inducing strong immune responses. Nucleic acid vaccines, particularly mRNA, are promising but require further development for stability and efficacy. The review highlights the need for innovative vaccine strategies to address the high mutation rates of PEDV and improve protection. Future research should focus on enhancing vaccine safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness, with a focus on subunit and VLP vaccines as viable options. Overall, the development of effective and safe vaccines remains critical for controlling PEDV and preventing its spread.Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a severe swine disease caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), leading to high mortality in newborn piglets. Despite vaccine use, PED outbreaks persist, highlighting the need for improved vaccine strategies. This review summarizes current vaccine technologies and promising approaches for PED control. PEDV, a coronavirus, infects intestinal epithelial cells, causing diarrhea, vomiting, and death. It has spread globally, with outbreaks in Europe, Asia, and the US. PEDV is classified into genogroups G1 and G2, with G2 being more prevalent in recent outbreaks. Live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) are effective but face challenges due to potential reversion to virulence. Inactivated vaccines are safe but require multiple doses. Subunit vaccines, using viral proteins like the S protein, offer safety and defined antigens but require adjuvants for efficacy. Virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines mimic viral structures and induce strong immune responses. Viral vector vaccines, such as those based on adenovirus or vesicular stomatitis virus, show promise in inducing protective immunity. Nucleic acid vaccines, including DNA and mRNA, are cost-effective and rapidly producible but face challenges in stability and immunogenicity. Current vaccines include live attenuated, inactivated, subunit, VLP, viral vector, and nucleic acid vaccines. While LAVs and inactivated vaccines are widely used, their effectiveness is limited by reversion risks and the need for multiple doses. Subunit and VLP vaccines offer safer alternatives with better immunogenicity. Viral vector vaccines, such as those using adenovirus or swinepox virus, have shown potential in inducing strong immune responses. Nucleic acid vaccines, particularly mRNA, are promising but require further development for stability and efficacy. The review highlights the need for innovative vaccine strategies to address the high mutation rates of PEDV and improve protection. Future research should focus on enhancing vaccine safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness, with a focus on subunit and VLP vaccines as viable options. Overall, the development of effective and safe vaccines remains critical for controlling PEDV and preventing its spread.