This study investigates the association between blood ethylene oxide (EO) levels and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2020. Hemoglobin's binding to ethylene oxide (HbEO) was used to measure serum EO levels. The study found a significant positive correlation between HbEO levels and MetS risk, with higher HbEO levels corresponding to increased MetS risk. The relationship was dose-dependent, suggesting a linear association. Subgroup analyses revealed that the association was particularly pronounced in female participants, non-obese individuals, and those aged 50 and older. The study concludes that HbEO is a risk factor for MetS and its components, and the risk increases with higher HbEO levels. The prevalence of MetS varies based on BMI, age, and gender, and these factors influence the association between HbEO and MetS.This study investigates the association between blood ethylene oxide (EO) levels and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2020. Hemoglobin's binding to ethylene oxide (HbEO) was used to measure serum EO levels. The study found a significant positive correlation between HbEO levels and MetS risk, with higher HbEO levels corresponding to increased MetS risk. The relationship was dose-dependent, suggesting a linear association. Subgroup analyses revealed that the association was particularly pronounced in female participants, non-obese individuals, and those aged 50 and older. The study concludes that HbEO is a risk factor for MetS and its components, and the risk increases with higher HbEO levels. The prevalence of MetS varies based on BMI, age, and gender, and these factors influence the association between HbEO and MetS.