Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a critical global health issue, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic led to increased antibiotic use and misuse, particularly in hospitalized patients, contributing to the rise of AMR. This review analyzed the impact of the pandemic on AMR, focusing on bacteria, fungi, and viruses. The study found that AMR incidence increased significantly in both in-hospital and outpatient populations, with varying profiles depending on the microorganism. Gram-negative bacteria, such as carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae, showed increased resistance, while fungi, including Candida auris, also exhibited multi- and polyresistance. However, the relationship between the pandemic and AMR changes in the post-pandemic period remains unclear. Factors such as the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), antibiotic overuse, and travel restrictions played significant roles in the spread of resistant organisms. The pandemic also led to a decrease in antimicrobial stewardship programs, further contributing to AMR. Despite these challenges, the post-pandemic period has seen a reduction in AMR in some areas, but the overall impact of the pandemic on AMR remains complex and multifaceted. The study emphasizes the need for integrated national monitoring and a rational, personalized approach to antimicrobial use to combat AMR.Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a critical global health issue, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic led to increased antibiotic use and misuse, particularly in hospitalized patients, contributing to the rise of AMR. This review analyzed the impact of the pandemic on AMR, focusing on bacteria, fungi, and viruses. The study found that AMR incidence increased significantly in both in-hospital and outpatient populations, with varying profiles depending on the microorganism. Gram-negative bacteria, such as carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae, showed increased resistance, while fungi, including Candida auris, also exhibited multi- and polyresistance. However, the relationship between the pandemic and AMR changes in the post-pandemic period remains unclear. Factors such as the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), antibiotic overuse, and travel restrictions played significant roles in the spread of resistant organisms. The pandemic also led to a decrease in antimicrobial stewardship programs, further contributing to AMR. Despite these challenges, the post-pandemic period has seen a reduction in AMR in some areas, but the overall impact of the pandemic on AMR remains complex and multifaceted. The study emphasizes the need for integrated national monitoring and a rational, personalized approach to antimicrobial use to combat AMR.