This review article explores the potential mechanisms of formononetin (FMNT) in combating inflammation and oxidative stress. FMNT, an isoflavone derived from botanical sources, has been extensively studied for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The article highlights the molecular targets and mechanisms through which FMNT exerts its therapeutic effects, including the inhibition of inflammatory mediators, chemokines, COX2/PGE2 pathway, NF-κB pathway, MAPK pathway, JAK-STAT pathway, and NLRP3 inflammasome. Additionally, FMNT's ability to inactivate ROS, activate enzymatic antioxidants, and modulate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway is discussed. The review also addresses the absorption, bioavailability, metabolism, and toxicity of FMNT, noting its relatively low bioavailability and mild toxicity. Finally, the authors suggest future research directions, emphasizing the need for standardized dosing, further exploration of new pathways, and the development of FMNT derivatives for enhanced efficacy and targeted delivery.This review article explores the potential mechanisms of formononetin (FMNT) in combating inflammation and oxidative stress. FMNT, an isoflavone derived from botanical sources, has been extensively studied for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The article highlights the molecular targets and mechanisms through which FMNT exerts its therapeutic effects, including the inhibition of inflammatory mediators, chemokines, COX2/PGE2 pathway, NF-κB pathway, MAPK pathway, JAK-STAT pathway, and NLRP3 inflammasome. Additionally, FMNT's ability to inactivate ROS, activate enzymatic antioxidants, and modulate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway is discussed. The review also addresses the absorption, bioavailability, metabolism, and toxicity of FMNT, noting its relatively low bioavailability and mild toxicity. Finally, the authors suggest future research directions, emphasizing the need for standardized dosing, further exploration of new pathways, and the development of FMNT derivatives for enhanced efficacy and targeted delivery.