This review explores the integration of precision livestock farming (PLF) technologies into the agri-food industry, focusing on their applications and challenges related to animal welfare and climate change. Over the past century, animal food production has increased significantly due to rising demand, leading to large-scale livestock farming, which has exacerbated environmental and health challenges. PLF technologies offer a promising solution by improving efficiency, reducing environmental impact, and enhancing animal health and welfare. However, their adoption presents challenges for farmers, including technical complexity, data management, and ethical concerns. PLF technologies involve the use of advanced systems, such as sensors, cameras, and artificial intelligence, to monitor animal behavior, health, and environmental conditions in real-time. These systems enable early detection of health issues, optimize feed efficiency, and reduce methane emissions. They also support remote monitoring and management of livestock operations, improving decision-making and sustainability. Despite these benefits, PLF technologies face challenges such as high initial costs, data security concerns, and the potential for reduced human-animal interaction, which could negatively affect animal welfare. The livestock industry is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, with significant impacts on climate change. PLF technologies can help mitigate these emissions by improving feed efficiency, reducing waste, and optimizing resource use. However, the environmental impact of PLF technologies, including energy consumption and e-waste, must be addressed to ensure sustainability. Legally, the EU has implemented regulations to address animal welfare and climate change, including measures to reduce deforestation, limit industrial pollution, and ensure proper animal health and welfare. These regulations emphasize the importance of animal welfare, transparency, and sustainable practices in the agri-food sector. The EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) supports the adoption of PLF technologies by promoting innovation, sustainability, and efficiency in agriculture. In conclusion, PLF technologies have the potential to transform livestock farming by improving animal welfare, reducing environmental impact, and enhancing productivity. However, their successful implementation requires addressing technical, ethical, and regulatory challenges to ensure their responsible and sustainable use.This review explores the integration of precision livestock farming (PLF) technologies into the agri-food industry, focusing on their applications and challenges related to animal welfare and climate change. Over the past century, animal food production has increased significantly due to rising demand, leading to large-scale livestock farming, which has exacerbated environmental and health challenges. PLF technologies offer a promising solution by improving efficiency, reducing environmental impact, and enhancing animal health and welfare. However, their adoption presents challenges for farmers, including technical complexity, data management, and ethical concerns. PLF technologies involve the use of advanced systems, such as sensors, cameras, and artificial intelligence, to monitor animal behavior, health, and environmental conditions in real-time. These systems enable early detection of health issues, optimize feed efficiency, and reduce methane emissions. They also support remote monitoring and management of livestock operations, improving decision-making and sustainability. Despite these benefits, PLF technologies face challenges such as high initial costs, data security concerns, and the potential for reduced human-animal interaction, which could negatively affect animal welfare. The livestock industry is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, with significant impacts on climate change. PLF technologies can help mitigate these emissions by improving feed efficiency, reducing waste, and optimizing resource use. However, the environmental impact of PLF technologies, including energy consumption and e-waste, must be addressed to ensure sustainability. Legally, the EU has implemented regulations to address animal welfare and climate change, including measures to reduce deforestation, limit industrial pollution, and ensure proper animal health and welfare. These regulations emphasize the importance of animal welfare, transparency, and sustainable practices in the agri-food sector. The EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) supports the adoption of PLF technologies by promoting innovation, sustainability, and efficiency in agriculture. In conclusion, PLF technologies have the potential to transform livestock farming by improving animal welfare, reducing environmental impact, and enhancing productivity. However, their successful implementation requires addressing technical, ethical, and regulatory challenges to ensure their responsible and sustainable use.