The article by Breslauer et al. presents a comprehensive thermodynamic library of all 10 Watson–Crick DNA nearest-neighbor interactions, derived from calorimetric studies on 19 DNA oligomers and 9 DNA polymers. The authors demonstrate how these thermodynamic data can be used to predict the stability and temperature-dependent behavior of any DNA duplex structure based on its base sequence. They illustrate this method by predicting transition enthalpies and free energies for a series of DNA oligomers, which are found to agree well with experimental values. This capability is valuable for various applications, such as predicting probe-gene complex stability, optimizing hybridization conditions, and understanding sequence-dependent structural preferences in DNA. The study emphasizes that the stability of a DNA duplex is primarily determined by the nearest-neighbor interactions, and the thermodynamic data provided can be used to calculate the stability and melting behavior of any DNA duplex structure.The article by Breslauer et al. presents a comprehensive thermodynamic library of all 10 Watson–Crick DNA nearest-neighbor interactions, derived from calorimetric studies on 19 DNA oligomers and 9 DNA polymers. The authors demonstrate how these thermodynamic data can be used to predict the stability and temperature-dependent behavior of any DNA duplex structure based on its base sequence. They illustrate this method by predicting transition enthalpies and free energies for a series of DNA oligomers, which are found to agree well with experimental values. This capability is valuable for various applications, such as predicting probe-gene complex stability, optimizing hybridization conditions, and understanding sequence-dependent structural preferences in DNA. The study emphasizes that the stability of a DNA duplex is primarily determined by the nearest-neighbor interactions, and the thermodynamic data provided can be used to calculate the stability and melting behavior of any DNA duplex structure.