This study explores the production of flash graphene (AC-FG) from anthracite coal using flash Joule heating (FJH). The research demonstrates that AC-FG can be derived from anthracite coal by precisely controlling the system parameters, specifically the pulse voltage. The FJH process does not require a catalyst and is cost-effective, making it a promising method for efficient graphene preparation and the utilization of coal resources. The produced material was characterized using various techniques, including Raman, XRD, XPS, TG, SEM, TEM, and XPS. The results show that the degree of graphitization peaks at 190 V, indicating the optimal flash voltage for graphene production. The study also highlights the structural and morphological evolution of the graphene layers, with a well-defined 2D structure observed at 190 V. The ease and speed of synthesis, coupled with the high-quality product, underscore the feasibility of producing coal-based graphene through FJH treatment of anthracite. This approach offers significant economic and practical advantages, making it a valuable reference for the synthesis of graphene from coal.This study explores the production of flash graphene (AC-FG) from anthracite coal using flash Joule heating (FJH). The research demonstrates that AC-FG can be derived from anthracite coal by precisely controlling the system parameters, specifically the pulse voltage. The FJH process does not require a catalyst and is cost-effective, making it a promising method for efficient graphene preparation and the utilization of coal resources. The produced material was characterized using various techniques, including Raman, XRD, XPS, TG, SEM, TEM, and XPS. The results show that the degree of graphitization peaks at 190 V, indicating the optimal flash voltage for graphene production. The study also highlights the structural and morphological evolution of the graphene layers, with a well-defined 2D structure observed at 190 V. The ease and speed of synthesis, coupled with the high-quality product, underscore the feasibility of producing coal-based graphene through FJH treatment of anthracite. This approach offers significant economic and practical advantages, making it a valuable reference for the synthesis of graphene from coal.