The National Overactive Bladder Evaluation (NOBLE) Program aimed to assess the prevalence and burden of overactive bladder (OAB) in the US population. The study found that the overall prevalence of OAB was similar between men (16.0%) and women (16.9%), but sex-specific prevalence varied by symptom severity. In women, urge incontinence prevalence increased with age, reaching 19% after 44 years, while in men, it increased to 8.9% after 64 years. OAB without urge incontinence was more common in men. OAB, with or without urge incontinence, was associated with lower quality of life, higher depression scores, and poorer sleep quality. The study challenges the common belief that women are more likely to have urgency-related bladder control problems. Instead, it suggests that while overall prevalence is similar between men and women, the severity and nature of symptoms differ. Sex-specific anatomical differences may explain why women are more likely to experience urge incontinence. OAB significantly impacts quality of life, sleep, and mental health in both genders. The study used clinically validated criteria to assess OAB prevalence and impact, and found that OAB without urge incontinence was more common in men. The study also highlighted the limitations of telephone interviews in diagnosing OAB, including the risk of false positives. Overall, the study underscores the importance of addressing OAB as a treatable condition affecting both men and women equally.The National Overactive Bladder Evaluation (NOBLE) Program aimed to assess the prevalence and burden of overactive bladder (OAB) in the US population. The study found that the overall prevalence of OAB was similar between men (16.0%) and women (16.9%), but sex-specific prevalence varied by symptom severity. In women, urge incontinence prevalence increased with age, reaching 19% after 44 years, while in men, it increased to 8.9% after 64 years. OAB without urge incontinence was more common in men. OAB, with or without urge incontinence, was associated with lower quality of life, higher depression scores, and poorer sleep quality. The study challenges the common belief that women are more likely to have urgency-related bladder control problems. Instead, it suggests that while overall prevalence is similar between men and women, the severity and nature of symptoms differ. Sex-specific anatomical differences may explain why women are more likely to experience urge incontinence. OAB significantly impacts quality of life, sleep, and mental health in both genders. The study used clinically validated criteria to assess OAB prevalence and impact, and found that OAB without urge incontinence was more common in men. The study also highlighted the limitations of telephone interviews in diagnosing OAB, including the risk of false positives. Overall, the study underscores the importance of addressing OAB as a treatable condition affecting both men and women equally.