Additive manufacturing and rapid prototyping have advanced significantly over the past decade, with a wide range of processes and materials now available. Rapid prototyping involves the gradual addition of solid material to create shaped parts, differing from traditional forming and material removal techniques. This paper summarizes one decade of research and development in rapid prototyping, highlighting general economic and technological trends, as well as detailed process-specific innovations. The first decade of rapid prototyping industrialization saw additive manufacturing processes become a major focus of CIRP's Scientific Technical Committee on Electro-Physical and Chemical Processes (STC-E). In 1991, STC-E published a survey of rapid prototyping, and the current paper reiterates this state-of-the-art and surveys one decade of innovation in additive manufacturing. Today, the most popular rapid prototyping systems include Stereo-Lithography (SL), Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), Ink Jet Printing (IJP), Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM), and Selective Laser Sintering (SLS). Speed improvements in rapid prototyping have been significant, with production times reduced by factors of ten. Innovations such as higher power lasers, better scanning strategies, and faster layer deposition mechanisms have contributed to these improvements. Additionally, post-processing activities have been reduced or eliminated through the use of highly reactive photopolymers and dense laser scanning strategies. New manufacturing concepts have emerged, allowing for single-day throughput, including quotation, order placement, planning, production, and delivery. This concept has been implemented by a Belgian RP service bureau, offering parts produced in their production plant near Brussels the same day and delivered anywhere in Europe by the next morning. A wide range of new materials has been developed for additive manufacturing, including hard-to-machine materials like hardmetals, ceramics, and composites. These materials allow for the production of complex net or near-net shaped parts. Additive manufacturing processes also enable the production of multi-material parts, with examples including soft cores and hard skins. Layer deposition remains a critical and time-consuming step in rapid prototyping processes. Research has focused on new layer deposition systems for various types of bulk materials, including liquid, powder, and solid sheets. Techniques such as dipping, scraping/rolling, casting, spraying, and electrostatic deposition have been explored. Advanced laser technology has played a crucial role in rapid prototyping, with lasers being used to induce polymerisation in many processes. The development of high-power UV lasers has improved processing speeds, while new laser scanning techniques have enhanced accuracy. Software support and CIM have also been important in the efficiency of rapid prototyping and manufacturing. CAD/CAM software has been developed to automate the entire work preparation process, including automatic verification and error fixing of CAD and STL files, automatic selection of optimal part orientation, and adaptive slicing algorithms. New applications of rapid prototyping include functional prototypes, concept modelling, functional parts and rapid tooling, micro-machining, and medical models. TheseAdditive manufacturing and rapid prototyping have advanced significantly over the past decade, with a wide range of processes and materials now available. Rapid prototyping involves the gradual addition of solid material to create shaped parts, differing from traditional forming and material removal techniques. This paper summarizes one decade of research and development in rapid prototyping, highlighting general economic and technological trends, as well as detailed process-specific innovations. The first decade of rapid prototyping industrialization saw additive manufacturing processes become a major focus of CIRP's Scientific Technical Committee on Electro-Physical and Chemical Processes (STC-E). In 1991, STC-E published a survey of rapid prototyping, and the current paper reiterates this state-of-the-art and surveys one decade of innovation in additive manufacturing. Today, the most popular rapid prototyping systems include Stereo-Lithography (SL), Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), Ink Jet Printing (IJP), Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM), and Selective Laser Sintering (SLS). Speed improvements in rapid prototyping have been significant, with production times reduced by factors of ten. Innovations such as higher power lasers, better scanning strategies, and faster layer deposition mechanisms have contributed to these improvements. Additionally, post-processing activities have been reduced or eliminated through the use of highly reactive photopolymers and dense laser scanning strategies. New manufacturing concepts have emerged, allowing for single-day throughput, including quotation, order placement, planning, production, and delivery. This concept has been implemented by a Belgian RP service bureau, offering parts produced in their production plant near Brussels the same day and delivered anywhere in Europe by the next morning. A wide range of new materials has been developed for additive manufacturing, including hard-to-machine materials like hardmetals, ceramics, and composites. These materials allow for the production of complex net or near-net shaped parts. Additive manufacturing processes also enable the production of multi-material parts, with examples including soft cores and hard skins. Layer deposition remains a critical and time-consuming step in rapid prototyping processes. Research has focused on new layer deposition systems for various types of bulk materials, including liquid, powder, and solid sheets. Techniques such as dipping, scraping/rolling, casting, spraying, and electrostatic deposition have been explored. Advanced laser technology has played a crucial role in rapid prototyping, with lasers being used to induce polymerisation in many processes. The development of high-power UV lasers has improved processing speeds, while new laser scanning techniques have enhanced accuracy. Software support and CIM have also been important in the efficiency of rapid prototyping and manufacturing. CAD/CAM software has been developed to automate the entire work preparation process, including automatic verification and error fixing of CAD and STL files, automatic selection of optimal part orientation, and adaptive slicing algorithms. New applications of rapid prototyping include functional prototypes, concept modelling, functional parts and rapid tooling, micro-machining, and medical models. These