CAR-T cell therapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a promising approach for treating solid tumors. CAR-T cells are engineered T cells that target tumor antigens, while ICIs block immune checkpoint pathways to enhance T cell activity. However, CAR-T therapy has limited success in solid tumors due to antigen heterogeneity, physical barriers, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). ICIs can enhance CAR-T function by blocking inhibitory signals and improving the TME, leading to better therapeutic outcomes. Challenges include CAR-T exhaustion, off-target effects, and immune-related side effects. Strategies to overcome these include combining ICIs with CAR-T, using autocrine immune checkpoint antibodies, and modifying CAR-T cells to express PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Advances in gene editing and delivery systems, such as CRISPR-Cas9 and lipid nanoparticles, are improving CAR-T therapy. Clinical trials show that combining CAR-T with ICIs can enhance antitumor activity, but further research is needed to optimize this approach for solid tumors.CAR-T cell therapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a promising approach for treating solid tumors. CAR-T cells are engineered T cells that target tumor antigens, while ICIs block immune checkpoint pathways to enhance T cell activity. However, CAR-T therapy has limited success in solid tumors due to antigen heterogeneity, physical barriers, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). ICIs can enhance CAR-T function by blocking inhibitory signals and improving the TME, leading to better therapeutic outcomes. Challenges include CAR-T exhaustion, off-target effects, and immune-related side effects. Strategies to overcome these include combining ICIs with CAR-T, using autocrine immune checkpoint antibodies, and modifying CAR-T cells to express PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Advances in gene editing and delivery systems, such as CRISPR-Cas9 and lipid nanoparticles, are improving CAR-T therapy. Clinical trials show that combining CAR-T with ICIs can enhance antitumor activity, but further research is needed to optimize this approach for solid tumors.