The article by Gunnar Borg, titled "Psychophysical Scaling with Applications in Physical Work and the Perception of Exertion," discusses the importance of assessing subjective symptoms, complaints, and annoyances in work environments. Psychophysical ratio scales and category rating scales are used to measure these symptoms. The paper introduces the concept of psychophysics, which studies the detection and identification of objects and events, and the scaling of perceptual intensities. It highlights the challenges in psychophysical scaling, such as the lack of fundamental units for measuring perceptual intensities, and the need for methods that are meaningful and comparable across individuals. The article explains the methods of psychophysical ratio scaling, including estimation and adjustment methods, and demonstrates how these methods can be applied to the perception of effort and exertion. It describes the development of the RPE (Rating of Perceived Exertion) scale and the CR-10 (Category-Ratio) scale, which are designed to provide both ratio scaling and level estimations. The RPE scale is widely used for evaluating exercise intensities, while the CR-10 scale allows for more precise level estimations. The paper also discusses the application of these scales in various studies, including ergonomic investigations, clinical diagnoses, and epidemiological studies. It emphasizes the importance of integrating physiological and perceptual measurements to better understand the physical and mental load on workers. The conclusion highlights the growing interest in interpreting subjective symptoms and the utility of psychophysical methods in various work contexts.The article by Gunnar Borg, titled "Psychophysical Scaling with Applications in Physical Work and the Perception of Exertion," discusses the importance of assessing subjective symptoms, complaints, and annoyances in work environments. Psychophysical ratio scales and category rating scales are used to measure these symptoms. The paper introduces the concept of psychophysics, which studies the detection and identification of objects and events, and the scaling of perceptual intensities. It highlights the challenges in psychophysical scaling, such as the lack of fundamental units for measuring perceptual intensities, and the need for methods that are meaningful and comparable across individuals. The article explains the methods of psychophysical ratio scaling, including estimation and adjustment methods, and demonstrates how these methods can be applied to the perception of effort and exertion. It describes the development of the RPE (Rating of Perceived Exertion) scale and the CR-10 (Category-Ratio) scale, which are designed to provide both ratio scaling and level estimations. The RPE scale is widely used for evaluating exercise intensities, while the CR-10 scale allows for more precise level estimations. The paper also discusses the application of these scales in various studies, including ergonomic investigations, clinical diagnoses, and epidemiological studies. It emphasizes the importance of integrating physiological and perceptual measurements to better understand the physical and mental load on workers. The conclusion highlights the growing interest in interpreting subjective symptoms and the utility of psychophysical methods in various work contexts.