This study investigates the impact of Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) practices on supply chain performance, focusing on cost efficiency in Bangladesh's manufacturing and service sectors. The research employs a quantitative approach, using regression and correlation analyses on data collected from 270 participants. The findings reveal that Supplier Collaboration and Long-Term Supplier Relationships significantly and positively influence cost efficiency, contributing approximately 64.2% of the variance in cost efficiency. The study highlights the importance of SRM practices in optimizing supply chain performance, particularly in emerging markets like Bangladesh. The research underscores the need for a strategic approach to SRM, emphasizing the value of collaborative supplier relationships and long-term partnerships. The study also identifies the significance of supplier development and evaluation in enhancing cost efficiency. The results suggest that effective SRM practices, including collaboration, development, evaluation, and long-term relationships, are crucial for achieving cost efficiency in supply chains. The study contributes to the understanding of SRM in emerging markets, providing insights that can inform practical strategies for improving supply chain performance in Bangladesh. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating SRM practices into organizational strategies to enhance cost efficiency and overall supply chain performance.This study investigates the impact of Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) practices on supply chain performance, focusing on cost efficiency in Bangladesh's manufacturing and service sectors. The research employs a quantitative approach, using regression and correlation analyses on data collected from 270 participants. The findings reveal that Supplier Collaboration and Long-Term Supplier Relationships significantly and positively influence cost efficiency, contributing approximately 64.2% of the variance in cost efficiency. The study highlights the importance of SRM practices in optimizing supply chain performance, particularly in emerging markets like Bangladesh. The research underscores the need for a strategic approach to SRM, emphasizing the value of collaborative supplier relationships and long-term partnerships. The study also identifies the significance of supplier development and evaluation in enhancing cost efficiency. The results suggest that effective SRM practices, including collaboration, development, evaluation, and long-term relationships, are crucial for achieving cost efficiency in supply chains. The study contributes to the understanding of SRM in emerging markets, providing insights that can inform practical strategies for improving supply chain performance in Bangladesh. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating SRM practices into organizational strategies to enhance cost efficiency and overall supply chain performance.