This study investigates the impact of Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) practices on supply chain performance, focusing on cost efficiency in Bangladesh's manufacturing and service sectors. Using a quantitative approach with regression and correlation analysis, data from 270 participants were analyzed. The findings indicate that Supplier Collaboration and Long-Term Supplier Relationships significantly and positively influence cost efficiency, collectively contributing to approximately 64.2% of the variance in cost efficiency. The study highlights the importance of implementing holistic SRM strategies, fostering collaborative supplier relationships, and nurturing long-term partnerships. These insights are valuable for practitioners and policymakers in Bangladesh, contributing to economic growth and competitiveness by enhancing cost efficiency through effective SRM practices. The study also addresses the unique challenges and opportunities in emerging markets like Bangladesh, providing a nuanced perspective on the application and effectiveness of SRM.This study investigates the impact of Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) practices on supply chain performance, focusing on cost efficiency in Bangladesh's manufacturing and service sectors. Using a quantitative approach with regression and correlation analysis, data from 270 participants were analyzed. The findings indicate that Supplier Collaboration and Long-Term Supplier Relationships significantly and positively influence cost efficiency, collectively contributing to approximately 64.2% of the variance in cost efficiency. The study highlights the importance of implementing holistic SRM strategies, fostering collaborative supplier relationships, and nurturing long-term partnerships. These insights are valuable for practitioners and policymakers in Bangladesh, contributing to economic growth and competitiveness by enhancing cost efficiency through effective SRM practices. The study also addresses the unique challenges and opportunities in emerging markets like Bangladesh, providing a nuanced perspective on the application and effectiveness of SRM.