Quantum computational advantage using photons

Quantum computational advantage using photons

Submitted version | Han-Sen Zhong, Hui Wang, Yu-Hao Deng, Ming-Cheng Chen, Li-Chao Peng, Yi-Han Luo, Jian Qin, Dian Wu, Xing Ding, Yi Hu, Peng Hu, Xiao-Yan Yang, Wei-Jun Zhang, Hao Li, Yuxuan Li, Xiao Jiang, Lin Gan, Guangwen Yang, Lixing You, Zhen Wang, Li Li, Nai-Le Liu, Chao-Yang Lu, Jian-Wei Pan
This paper presents an experimental demonstration of quantum computational advantage using Gaussian boson sampling (GBS). The authors perform experiments with 50 input single-mode squeezed states, which are fed into a 100-mode ultralow-loss interferometer with full connectivity and random transformation. The output distribution is sampled using 100 high-efficiency single-photon detectors. The entire optical setup is phase-locked to maintain high coherence between the superposition of all photon number states. The experiment observes up to 76 output photon-clicks, yielding an output state space dimension of approximately $10^{30}$ and a sampling rate that is approximately $10^{14}$ faster than state-of-the-art simulation strategies and supercomputers. The obtained samples are validated against various hypotheses, including thermal states, distinguishable photons, and uniform distribution. The results provide strong evidence for the quantum computational advantage of GBS, demonstrating its potential for solving complex problems that are believed to be classically intractable.This paper presents an experimental demonstration of quantum computational advantage using Gaussian boson sampling (GBS). The authors perform experiments with 50 input single-mode squeezed states, which are fed into a 100-mode ultralow-loss interferometer with full connectivity and random transformation. The output distribution is sampled using 100 high-efficiency single-photon detectors. The entire optical setup is phase-locked to maintain high coherence between the superposition of all photon number states. The experiment observes up to 76 output photon-clicks, yielding an output state space dimension of approximately $10^{30}$ and a sampling rate that is approximately $10^{14}$ faster than state-of-the-art simulation strategies and supercomputers. The obtained samples are validated against various hypotheses, including thermal states, distinguishable photons, and uniform distribution. The results provide strong evidence for the quantum computational advantage of GBS, demonstrating its potential for solving complex problems that are believed to be classically intractable.
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[slides and audio] Quantum computational advantage using photons