Quantum Information and Computation is a special issue of the open access journal Entropy, edited by Shao-Ming Fei, Ming Li, and Shunlong Luo. The issue presents a collection of research articles exploring various aspects of quantum information and computation, including quantum channels, quantum coherence, quantum entanglement, and quantum key distribution. The articles discuss fundamental concepts and applications in quantum information theory, such as quantumness and dequantumness power of quantum channels, robust self-testing of four-qubit symmetric states, Belavkin-Staszewski relative entropy, and quantum nonlocality in tree-shaped networks. The issue also covers practical applications, such as distributed architecture for secure delegated quantum computation and rate-compatible LDPC codes for continuous-variable quantum key distribution. The articles highlight the importance of quantum information and computation in advancing quantum technology, ensuring information security, and improving computational efficiency. The special issue provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in quantum information and computation, emphasizing the role of quantum mechanics in information processing and communication. The articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, allowing for open access and wide dissemination of the research findings.Quantum Information and Computation is a special issue of the open access journal Entropy, edited by Shao-Ming Fei, Ming Li, and Shunlong Luo. The issue presents a collection of research articles exploring various aspects of quantum information and computation, including quantum channels, quantum coherence, quantum entanglement, and quantum key distribution. The articles discuss fundamental concepts and applications in quantum information theory, such as quantumness and dequantumness power of quantum channels, robust self-testing of four-qubit symmetric states, Belavkin-Staszewski relative entropy, and quantum nonlocality in tree-shaped networks. The issue also covers practical applications, such as distributed architecture for secure delegated quantum computation and rate-compatible LDPC codes for continuous-variable quantum key distribution. The articles highlight the importance of quantum information and computation in advancing quantum technology, ensuring information security, and improving computational efficiency. The special issue provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in quantum information and computation, emphasizing the role of quantum mechanics in information processing and communication. The articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, allowing for open access and wide dissemination of the research findings.