Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor

Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor

January 1, 2020 | Google AI Quantum and collaborators
The Sycamore quantum processor, designed for both quantum supremacy experiments and small noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) applications, features a 142-qubit architecture with 54 qubits individually controlled and read out. The processor uses tunable transmon qubits with direct, tunable coupling to achieve short two-qubit gate times. The design aims to minimize control errors by adjusting the coupling strength while maintaining coherence. The processor is fabricated on separate high-resistivity silicon wafers using aluminum-on-silicon technology, requiring 14 lithography layers. The calibration process involves a series of experiments to determine optimal control parameters, including frequency tuning, coupling adjustment, and readout calibration. The calibration procedure is automated and systematic, using a "Optimus" formulation to manage the complexity of the system. The device registry stores detailed control variables and configuration information, allowing for precise control and optimization of the quantum system. The calibration process is designed to be scalable and efficient, with a focus on maintaining high fidelity across various qubit operations.The Sycamore quantum processor, designed for both quantum supremacy experiments and small noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) applications, features a 142-qubit architecture with 54 qubits individually controlled and read out. The processor uses tunable transmon qubits with direct, tunable coupling to achieve short two-qubit gate times. The design aims to minimize control errors by adjusting the coupling strength while maintaining coherence. The processor is fabricated on separate high-resistivity silicon wafers using aluminum-on-silicon technology, requiring 14 lithography layers. The calibration process involves a series of experiments to determine optimal control parameters, including frequency tuning, coupling adjustment, and readout calibration. The calibration procedure is automated and systematic, using a "Optimus" formulation to manage the complexity of the system. The device registry stores detailed control variables and configuration information, allowing for precise control and optimization of the quantum system. The calibration process is designed to be scalable and efficient, with a focus on maintaining high fidelity across various qubit operations.
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