The article "ROS: Executioner of Regulating Cell Death in Spinal Cord Injury" by Zhaoyang Yin, Bowen Wan, Ge Gong, and Jian Yin provides a comprehensive review of the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in various forms of cell death, including apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, in the context of spinal cord injury (SCI). SCI is a significant form of central nervous system injury, leading to motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction. The primary injury involves physical forces during the initial trauma, while secondary injury is characterized by vasogenic edema, mitochondrial dysfunction, and excessive ROS production. ROS play a crucial role in exacerbating inflammation and various regulatory cell death (RCD) pathways during secondary injury. The article highlights the complex interplay between ROS and signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, and JAK-STAT pathways, which influence cell survival and death. It also discusses the potential of exogenous ROS scavengers and material systems to address the challenges of antioxidant loading and delivery. The authors explore the crosstalk mechanisms between ROS and different forms of cell death, aiming to provide new insights and directions for mitigating nerve damage through the elimination of excess ROS. In the context of autophagy, the article explains how ROS can both protect and damage cells by oxidizing unsaturated fatty acids in the lysosomal membrane, disrupting lysosomal function, and blocking autophagic flux. It also discusses the role of mitophagy in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and cell survival. The article further examines the role of ROS in pyroptosis, where the formation of pores in the cytoplasmic membrane by Gasdermin proteins leads to inflammatory responses. Finally, it explores the concept of ferroptosis, a novel form of regulated cell death characterized by specific changes in cell morphology and iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. The article concludes by discussing the potential of exosome therapy and new nanomaterials for effective antioxidant treatment, highlighting the ongoing research and future perspectives in the field.The article "ROS: Executioner of Regulating Cell Death in Spinal Cord Injury" by Zhaoyang Yin, Bowen Wan, Ge Gong, and Jian Yin provides a comprehensive review of the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in various forms of cell death, including apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, in the context of spinal cord injury (SCI). SCI is a significant form of central nervous system injury, leading to motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction. The primary injury involves physical forces during the initial trauma, while secondary injury is characterized by vasogenic edema, mitochondrial dysfunction, and excessive ROS production. ROS play a crucial role in exacerbating inflammation and various regulatory cell death (RCD) pathways during secondary injury. The article highlights the complex interplay between ROS and signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, and JAK-STAT pathways, which influence cell survival and death. It also discusses the potential of exogenous ROS scavengers and material systems to address the challenges of antioxidant loading and delivery. The authors explore the crosstalk mechanisms between ROS and different forms of cell death, aiming to provide new insights and directions for mitigating nerve damage through the elimination of excess ROS. In the context of autophagy, the article explains how ROS can both protect and damage cells by oxidizing unsaturated fatty acids in the lysosomal membrane, disrupting lysosomal function, and blocking autophagic flux. It also discusses the role of mitophagy in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and cell survival. The article further examines the role of ROS in pyroptosis, where the formation of pores in the cytoplasmic membrane by Gasdermin proteins leads to inflammatory responses. Finally, it explores the concept of ferroptosis, a novel form of regulated cell death characterized by specific changes in cell morphology and iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. The article concludes by discussing the potential of exosome therapy and new nanomaterials for effective antioxidant treatment, highlighting the ongoing research and future perspectives in the field.