Racial residential segregation is a major cause of racial health disparities in the United States. It is an institutional form of racism that has historically separated racial groups, limiting access to education, employment, and other opportunities for African Americans. This segregation creates environments that are harmful to health, contributing to socioeconomic inequalities and poor health outcomes. Despite legal changes, segregation remains high, with African Americans often living in areas with fewer resources and higher poverty rates. Segregation affects health through socioeconomic status (SES), which in turn influences health outcomes. Research shows that racial disparities in health are largely due to segregation, which shapes SES and creates conditions that are detrimental to health. Segregation also leads to concentrated poverty, poor educational opportunities, and limited access to quality healthcare. These factors contribute to racial differences in health, including higher rates of mortality, disease, and poor health outcomes. The authors argue that addressing segregation is essential to reducing racial health disparities. Segregation also affects health behaviors, access to medical care, and exposure to crime and violence. Overall, racial residential segregation is a fundamental cause of racial disparities in health and must be addressed to achieve health equity.Racial residential segregation is a major cause of racial health disparities in the United States. It is an institutional form of racism that has historically separated racial groups, limiting access to education, employment, and other opportunities for African Americans. This segregation creates environments that are harmful to health, contributing to socioeconomic inequalities and poor health outcomes. Despite legal changes, segregation remains high, with African Americans often living in areas with fewer resources and higher poverty rates. Segregation affects health through socioeconomic status (SES), which in turn influences health outcomes. Research shows that racial disparities in health are largely due to segregation, which shapes SES and creates conditions that are detrimental to health. Segregation also leads to concentrated poverty, poor educational opportunities, and limited access to quality healthcare. These factors contribute to racial differences in health, including higher rates of mortality, disease, and poor health outcomes. The authors argue that addressing segregation is essential to reducing racial health disparities. Segregation also affects health behaviors, access to medical care, and exposure to crime and violence. Overall, racial residential segregation is a fundamental cause of racial disparities in health and must be addressed to achieve health equity.