This study investigates the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying rule-guided human behavior, focusing on the role of contextual cues and prior evidence. Using intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) in 19 epilepsy patients, the researchers found that increasing uncertainty introduces a shift from oscillatory to a mixed processing regime with an additional ramping component. The oscillatory and ramping dynamics reflect dissociable signatures, with prefrontal activity encoding rules and actions in distinct subspaces, while theta oscillations synchronize the prefrontal-motor network to guide action execution. The results support the idea that continuous ramping dynamics and oscillatory synchrony jointly support rule-guided human behavior. Specifically, the study demonstrates that high-frequency band activity (HFA) encodes context and action plans in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), while theta oscillations mediate inter-areal communication between PFC and motor cortex. The findings highlight the importance of both continuous and oscillatory features in guiding goal-directed behavior.This study investigates the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying rule-guided human behavior, focusing on the role of contextual cues and prior evidence. Using intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) in 19 epilepsy patients, the researchers found that increasing uncertainty introduces a shift from oscillatory to a mixed processing regime with an additional ramping component. The oscillatory and ramping dynamics reflect dissociable signatures, with prefrontal activity encoding rules and actions in distinct subspaces, while theta oscillations synchronize the prefrontal-motor network to guide action execution. The results support the idea that continuous ramping dynamics and oscillatory synchrony jointly support rule-guided human behavior. Specifically, the study demonstrates that high-frequency band activity (HFA) encodes context and action plans in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), while theta oscillations mediate inter-areal communication between PFC and motor cortex. The findings highlight the importance of both continuous and oscillatory features in guiding goal-directed behavior.