The article reviews the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tumor progression. ROS, such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, are produced by various cellular processes and can act as second messengers in intracellular signaling cascades, influencing cell proliferation, survival, migration, and DNA damage. While ROS can promote tumor growth and metastasis by increasing cell proliferation and survival, they can also induce cellular senescence and apoptosis, acting as anti-tumorigenic agents. The production and regulation of ROS depend on the molecular background of the cell, the location of ROS production, and the concentration of individual ROS species. In cancer cells, elevated ROS levels are often associated with oxidative stress, which can be mitigated by antioxidants. The review highlights the importance of understanding the specific roles of different ROS species and their signaling pathways in tumor development and progression, as well as the potential therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Natural antioxidants like resveratrol have shown promise in preventing and treating cancer by modulating ROS levels and their signaling effects.The article reviews the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tumor progression. ROS, such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, are produced by various cellular processes and can act as second messengers in intracellular signaling cascades, influencing cell proliferation, survival, migration, and DNA damage. While ROS can promote tumor growth and metastasis by increasing cell proliferation and survival, they can also induce cellular senescence and apoptosis, acting as anti-tumorigenic agents. The production and regulation of ROS depend on the molecular background of the cell, the location of ROS production, and the concentration of individual ROS species. In cancer cells, elevated ROS levels are often associated with oxidative stress, which can be mitigated by antioxidants. The review highlights the importance of understanding the specific roles of different ROS species and their signaling pathways in tumor development and progression, as well as the potential therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Natural antioxidants like resveratrol have shown promise in preventing and treating cancer by modulating ROS levels and their signaling effects.