22 June 1992 | Z. Y. Ou, S. F. Pereira, H. J. Kimble, and K. C. Peng
The paper by Ou et al. (1992) demonstrates the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox for continuous variables, a significant advancement in the field of quantum mechanics. Unlike previous experiments that used discrete spin or polarization variables, this study employs nondegenerate parametric amplification to generate correlated amplitudes for signal and idler beams of light. The continuous optical amplitudes of the signal beam are inferred from those of the spatially separated but strongly correlated idler beam. The uncertainty product for the variances of these inferences is observed to be \(0.70 \pm 0.01\), which is below the limit of unity required to demonstrate the EPR paradox. The experiment uses a subthreshold nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator to achieve this, with the quadrature-phase amplitudes of the signal and idler beams playing the roles of canonical position and momentum variables. The results provide an experimental realization of the EPR paradox for continuous variables, addressing the historical significance of the paradox and the epistemological issue of the irreducible nonlocality of quantum mechanics. The experiment also has potential applications in precision measurement and quantum communication.The paper by Ou et al. (1992) demonstrates the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox for continuous variables, a significant advancement in the field of quantum mechanics. Unlike previous experiments that used discrete spin or polarization variables, this study employs nondegenerate parametric amplification to generate correlated amplitudes for signal and idler beams of light. The continuous optical amplitudes of the signal beam are inferred from those of the spatially separated but strongly correlated idler beam. The uncertainty product for the variances of these inferences is observed to be \(0.70 \pm 0.01\), which is below the limit of unity required to demonstrate the EPR paradox. The experiment uses a subthreshold nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator to achieve this, with the quadrature-phase amplitudes of the signal and idler beams playing the roles of canonical position and momentum variables. The results provide an experimental realization of the EPR paradox for continuous variables, addressing the historical significance of the paradox and the epistemological issue of the irreducible nonlocality of quantum mechanics. The experiment also has potential applications in precision measurement and quantum communication.