The article by Seref Akay and Anan Yaghmur from the University of Copenhagen reviews recent advances in the development of antibacterial coatings and modified implant surfaces to combat implant-associated infections (IAIs) in orthopedic implants. IAIs pose a significant health burden due to the complex nature of biofilms and their resistance to antimicrobial agents and the immune system. The authors highlight the challenges of surgical operations and long-term antibiotic treatments, emphasizing the need for robust and reliable strategies. Key areas of focus include: 1. **Surface Modification**: Techniques such as anti-biofouling and contact killing are explored to prevent bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. 2. **Antibacterial Coatings**: The development of coatings with sustained-release properties for local delivery of antimicrobial agents is discussed, including the use of biopolymers, lipids, and nanoparticles. 3. **Coating Techniques**: Methods like electrochemical deposition, layer-by-layer coating, and spin coating are reviewed for their effectiveness in creating biocompatible and antibacterial coatings. 4. **Future Directions**: The article suggests combining anti-biofouling and contact-killing strategies with sustained drug release properties to enhance efficacy and durability. The authors conclude by emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and the integration of advanced nanofabrication tools to design personalized and multifunctional orthopedic implants with enhanced antibacterial properties and biocompatibility.The article by Seref Akay and Anan Yaghmur from the University of Copenhagen reviews recent advances in the development of antibacterial coatings and modified implant surfaces to combat implant-associated infections (IAIs) in orthopedic implants. IAIs pose a significant health burden due to the complex nature of biofilms and their resistance to antimicrobial agents and the immune system. The authors highlight the challenges of surgical operations and long-term antibiotic treatments, emphasizing the need for robust and reliable strategies. Key areas of focus include: 1. **Surface Modification**: Techniques such as anti-biofouling and contact killing are explored to prevent bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. 2. **Antibacterial Coatings**: The development of coatings with sustained-release properties for local delivery of antimicrobial agents is discussed, including the use of biopolymers, lipids, and nanoparticles. 3. **Coating Techniques**: Methods like electrochemical deposition, layer-by-layer coating, and spin coating are reviewed for their effectiveness in creating biocompatible and antibacterial coatings. 4. **Future Directions**: The article suggests combining anti-biofouling and contact-killing strategies with sustained drug release properties to enhance efficacy and durability. The authors conclude by emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and the integration of advanced nanofabrication tools to design personalized and multifunctional orthopedic implants with enhanced antibacterial properties and biocompatibility.