This review discusses recent advances in graphene-enabled materials for photovoltaic applications. Graphene's two-dimensional structure has revolutionized conductive transparent devices, offering unique opportunities in renewable energy. The review critically evaluates the latest advancements in graphene production and its use in solar cells, focusing on dye-sensitized, organic, and perovskite devices for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) designs. It highlights that graphene integration improved energy conversion rates in graphene-perovskite photovoltaic cells by 20.3%, while BHJ cells saw a 10% boost. Graphene's 2D internal architecture protects photovoltaic devices against environmental challenges, acting as a charge transporter and extractor to electrodes. The review also explores graphene derivatives and their role in solar PV systems, emphasizing the complexities and promising prospects of graphene in solar photovoltaic applications. The review discusses the synthesis methods of graphene and its nanocomposites, including top-down and bottom-up approaches. It covers the preparation of graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and graphene quantum dots (GQDs). The review evaluates the properties of graphene, including its high electrical and optical properties, mechanical strength, zero band gaps, and swift carrier mobility. It also discusses the application of graphene in organic solar cells, where it enhances the solar conversion efficiency and provides a cost-effective alternative to indium-doped tin oxide (ITO). Graphene is also used as a carrier receiver in PV cells, improving the efficiency of solar cells by facilitating charge transfer. The review highlights the use of graphene in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), where it enhances the performance of PV devices by 36%. Graphene is also used in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), where it improves the device stability and performance. The review discusses the integration of graphene with PSCs, showing a 17.2% improvement in PCE with a 27% overall improvement in solar cells' performance. The review also discusses the use of graphene and other 2D materials in advanced solar cells, highlighting their optical and electronic characteristics. It emphasizes the importance of graphene in enhancing the performance and stability of thin-film solar cells. The review concludes that graphene and its derivatives have significant potential in solar photovoltaic applications, offering a promising future for renewable energy.This review discusses recent advances in graphene-enabled materials for photovoltaic applications. Graphene's two-dimensional structure has revolutionized conductive transparent devices, offering unique opportunities in renewable energy. The review critically evaluates the latest advancements in graphene production and its use in solar cells, focusing on dye-sensitized, organic, and perovskite devices for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) designs. It highlights that graphene integration improved energy conversion rates in graphene-perovskite photovoltaic cells by 20.3%, while BHJ cells saw a 10% boost. Graphene's 2D internal architecture protects photovoltaic devices against environmental challenges, acting as a charge transporter and extractor to electrodes. The review also explores graphene derivatives and their role in solar PV systems, emphasizing the complexities and promising prospects of graphene in solar photovoltaic applications. The review discusses the synthesis methods of graphene and its nanocomposites, including top-down and bottom-up approaches. It covers the preparation of graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and graphene quantum dots (GQDs). The review evaluates the properties of graphene, including its high electrical and optical properties, mechanical strength, zero band gaps, and swift carrier mobility. It also discusses the application of graphene in organic solar cells, where it enhances the solar conversion efficiency and provides a cost-effective alternative to indium-doped tin oxide (ITO). Graphene is also used as a carrier receiver in PV cells, improving the efficiency of solar cells by facilitating charge transfer. The review highlights the use of graphene in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), where it enhances the performance of PV devices by 36%. Graphene is also used in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), where it improves the device stability and performance. The review discusses the integration of graphene with PSCs, showing a 17.2% improvement in PCE with a 27% overall improvement in solar cells' performance. The review also discusses the use of graphene and other 2D materials in advanced solar cells, highlighting their optical and electronic characteristics. It emphasizes the importance of graphene in enhancing the performance and stability of thin-film solar cells. The review concludes that graphene and its derivatives have significant potential in solar photovoltaic applications, offering a promising future for renewable energy.