Recent Antarctic ice mass loss from radar interferometry and regional climate modelling

Recent Antarctic ice mass loss from radar interferometry and regional climate modelling

2008-02-01 | Rignot, Eric; Bamber, Jonathan L; van den Broeke, Michiel R; Davis, Curt; Li, Yonghong; van de Berg, Willem Jan; van Meijgaard, Erik
A study published in Nature Geoscience in 2008 analyzed recent Antarctic ice mass loss using radar interferometry and regional climate modeling. The research estimated ice mass flux into the ocean from 1992 to 2006, covering 85% of Antarctica's coastline. The study compared mass fluxes from large drainage basins with interior snow accumulation calculated from a regional climate model. In East Antarctica, glacier losses in Wilkes Land and gains at the mouths of the Filchner and Ross ice shelves resulted in a near-zero loss of 4 ± 61 Gt yr⁻¹. In West Antarctica, widespread losses along the Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas increased ice sheet loss by 59% in 10 years to 132 ± 60 Gt yr⁻¹ in 2006. In the Peninsula, losses increased by 140% to 60 ± 46 Gt yr⁻¹ in 2006. Losses were concentrated along narrow channels occupied by outlet glaciers, caused by ongoing and past glacier acceleration. Changes in glacier flow significantly impact ice sheet mass balance. The study used satellite interferometric synthetic-aperture radar (InSAR) data to map surface velocities and glacier grounding lines with high precision. Surface elevation was converted into solid-ice surface elevation after applying a firn depth correction. Snowfall accumulation was calculated using a regional atmospheric climate model. The study found that snowfall in West Antarctica and the western Peninsula was higher than previously thought. The model predicted higher coastal precipitation and wetter conditions in these regions than older maps. The study also found that the Antarctic ice sheet lost mass, with the largest loss in the Pine Island Bay sector of West Antarctica and the northern tip of the Peninsula. In East Antarctica, the loss was near zero, but thinning in potentially unstable marine sectors called for attention. Snowfall integrated over Antarctica did not change significantly between 1980 and 2004, even slightly increasing in areas of large loss. The study concluded that the Antarctic ice sheet mass budget is more complex than indicated by the temporal evolution of its surface mass balance. Changes in glacier dynamics are significant and may dominate the ice sheet mass budget.A study published in Nature Geoscience in 2008 analyzed recent Antarctic ice mass loss using radar interferometry and regional climate modeling. The research estimated ice mass flux into the ocean from 1992 to 2006, covering 85% of Antarctica's coastline. The study compared mass fluxes from large drainage basins with interior snow accumulation calculated from a regional climate model. In East Antarctica, glacier losses in Wilkes Land and gains at the mouths of the Filchner and Ross ice shelves resulted in a near-zero loss of 4 ± 61 Gt yr⁻¹. In West Antarctica, widespread losses along the Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas increased ice sheet loss by 59% in 10 years to 132 ± 60 Gt yr⁻¹ in 2006. In the Peninsula, losses increased by 140% to 60 ± 46 Gt yr⁻¹ in 2006. Losses were concentrated along narrow channels occupied by outlet glaciers, caused by ongoing and past glacier acceleration. Changes in glacier flow significantly impact ice sheet mass balance. The study used satellite interferometric synthetic-aperture radar (InSAR) data to map surface velocities and glacier grounding lines with high precision. Surface elevation was converted into solid-ice surface elevation after applying a firn depth correction. Snowfall accumulation was calculated using a regional atmospheric climate model. The study found that snowfall in West Antarctica and the western Peninsula was higher than previously thought. The model predicted higher coastal precipitation and wetter conditions in these regions than older maps. The study also found that the Antarctic ice sheet lost mass, with the largest loss in the Pine Island Bay sector of West Antarctica and the northern tip of the Peninsula. In East Antarctica, the loss was near zero, but thinning in potentially unstable marine sectors called for attention. Snowfall integrated over Antarctica did not change significantly between 1980 and 2004, even slightly increasing in areas of large loss. The study concluded that the Antarctic ice sheet mass budget is more complex than indicated by the temporal evolution of its surface mass balance. Changes in glacier dynamics are significant and may dominate the ice sheet mass budget.
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