The article provides a comprehensive review of recent developments and future perspectives in molybdenum-based borides and MBenes. Molybdenum borides and MBenes have gained significant attention due to their unique properties, including good electronic conductivity, stability, high surface area, and environmental friendliness. The review begins with an overview of their structural and electronic properties, followed by an examination of various synthetic methods such as high-temperature/pressure, PVD, CVD, element reaction, molten salt-assisted, and selective etching techniques. The critical performance of these materials in applications like energy storage, catalysis, biosensors, biomedical devices, SERS, and tribology is discussed. The article concludes with an analysis of current progress and future research directions, emphasizing the need for further optimization and in-depth analysis to enhance device performance and commercial viability. Overall, the review offers valuable insights into the understanding and development of molybdenum-based borides and MBenes.The article provides a comprehensive review of recent developments and future perspectives in molybdenum-based borides and MBenes. Molybdenum borides and MBenes have gained significant attention due to their unique properties, including good electronic conductivity, stability, high surface area, and environmental friendliness. The review begins with an overview of their structural and electronic properties, followed by an examination of various synthetic methods such as high-temperature/pressure, PVD, CVD, element reaction, molten salt-assisted, and selective etching techniques. The critical performance of these materials in applications like energy storage, catalysis, biosensors, biomedical devices, SERS, and tribology is discussed. The article concludes with an analysis of current progress and future research directions, emphasizing the need for further optimization and in-depth analysis to enhance device performance and commercial viability. Overall, the review offers valuable insights into the understanding and development of molybdenum-based borides and MBenes.