The article reviews recent developments in the extraction of lithium from water resources, emphasizing the increasing demand for lithium due to the rise in electric vehicles and other electronic devices. Lithium is primarily found in brines, seawater, and geothermal waters, which together account for 70-80% of global reserves. The review discusses various methods for lithium extraction, including evaporation, solvent extraction, membrane technology, nanofiltration, and adsorption. Each method is evaluated based on its efficiency, environmental impact, and cost-effectiveness. The article highlights the potential of using ionic sieves for adsorption, which is eco-friendly and highly selective but faces challenges such as sorbent instability and limited ion exchange capacity. Despite these challenges, the development of improved adsorbents and composite materials is ongoing to enhance lithium extraction processes. The conclusion emphasizes the need for further research to commercialize lithium adsorption technology and address future demand sustainably.The article reviews recent developments in the extraction of lithium from water resources, emphasizing the increasing demand for lithium due to the rise in electric vehicles and other electronic devices. Lithium is primarily found in brines, seawater, and geothermal waters, which together account for 70-80% of global reserves. The review discusses various methods for lithium extraction, including evaporation, solvent extraction, membrane technology, nanofiltration, and adsorption. Each method is evaluated based on its efficiency, environmental impact, and cost-effectiveness. The article highlights the potential of using ionic sieves for adsorption, which is eco-friendly and highly selective but faces challenges such as sorbent instability and limited ion exchange capacity. Despite these challenges, the development of improved adsorbents and composite materials is ongoing to enhance lithium extraction processes. The conclusion emphasizes the need for further research to commercialize lithium adsorption technology and address future demand sustainably.