Recent therapeutic advances in gynecologic oncology focus on improving treatment options for cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab and dostarlimab, enhance anti-tumor immunity by blocking PD-1 and PD-L1 interactions, showing clinical efficacy in advanced or recurrent cancers. Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs), like tisotumab vedotin and trastuzumab deruxtecan, deliver potent cytotoxic agents to cancer cells, demonstrating significant efficacy in various gynecologic malignancies. These therapies have led to FDA approvals and NCCN recommendations. Pembrolizumab is approved for recurrent or metastatic cervical and endometrial cancers, while tisotumab vedotin is approved for recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer. Dostarlimab is approved for dMMR endometrial cancer. Trastuzumab deruxtecan is used in HER2-positive cancers. Durvalumab and atezolizumab are also being investigated for endometrial and ovarian cancers. Mirvetuximab soravtansine is approved for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. These advancements highlight the importance of targeted therapies in improving patient outcomes and survival rates in gynecologic malignancies.Recent therapeutic advances in gynecologic oncology focus on improving treatment options for cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab and dostarlimab, enhance anti-tumor immunity by blocking PD-1 and PD-L1 interactions, showing clinical efficacy in advanced or recurrent cancers. Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs), like tisotumab vedotin and trastuzumab deruxtecan, deliver potent cytotoxic agents to cancer cells, demonstrating significant efficacy in various gynecologic malignancies. These therapies have led to FDA approvals and NCCN recommendations. Pembrolizumab is approved for recurrent or metastatic cervical and endometrial cancers, while tisotumab vedotin is approved for recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer. Dostarlimab is approved for dMMR endometrial cancer. Trastuzumab deruxtecan is used in HER2-positive cancers. Durvalumab and atezolizumab are also being investigated for endometrial and ovarian cancers. Mirvetuximab soravtansine is approved for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. These advancements highlight the importance of targeted therapies in improving patient outcomes and survival rates in gynecologic malignancies.