The review by Kim et al. discusses the advancements in chemical sensors for detecting toxic materials, emphasizing the importance of these sensors in monitoring environmental pollution and protecting human health. The authors highlight the rapid development of various types of chemical sensors, including optical, electrochemical, and biosensors, driven by advancements in material sciences and fabrication technologies. Optical sensors, such as fiber optic and microfluidic systems, are noted for their ability to detect a wide range of toxic substances with high sensitivity and selectivity. Electrochemical sensors, particularly those using nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles, are praised for their superior sensitivity and versatility. Biosensors, which use biomolecules like enzymes, antibodies, and transcription factors, are also discussed for their specific and selective detection capabilities. The review concludes by emphasizing the future prospects of chemical sensors, including the integration of advanced technologies and interdisciplinary approaches to enhance their performance and applications in toxic material detection.The review by Kim et al. discusses the advancements in chemical sensors for detecting toxic materials, emphasizing the importance of these sensors in monitoring environmental pollution and protecting human health. The authors highlight the rapid development of various types of chemical sensors, including optical, electrochemical, and biosensors, driven by advancements in material sciences and fabrication technologies. Optical sensors, such as fiber optic and microfluidic systems, are noted for their ability to detect a wide range of toxic substances with high sensitivity and selectivity. Electrochemical sensors, particularly those using nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles, are praised for their superior sensitivity and versatility. Biosensors, which use biomolecules like enzymes, antibodies, and transcription factors, are also discussed for their specific and selective detection capabilities. The review concludes by emphasizing the future prospects of chemical sensors, including the integration of advanced technologies and interdisciplinary approaches to enhance their performance and applications in toxic material detection.