The article reviews recent advances in CRISPR-Cas9-based genome insertion technologies, focusing on programmable genome insertion techniques. These techniques are crucial for both fundamental and translational research, enabling the precise insertion of customized DNA sequences into target genomes. The review highlights the development of various methods, including prime editing, integrase-coupled programmable nucleases, and CRISPR-associated transposons (CAST). Each technique has its own capabilities and limitations, and the article discusses strategies to enhance editing efficiency, broaden targeting scope, and improve specificity. The review also explores the applications of these technologies in biology research and translational medicine, such as treating monogenic genetic disorders and integrating chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) into immune cells. Finally, the article identifies future opportunities for improving these technologies and their applications.The article reviews recent advances in CRISPR-Cas9-based genome insertion technologies, focusing on programmable genome insertion techniques. These techniques are crucial for both fundamental and translational research, enabling the precise insertion of customized DNA sequences into target genomes. The review highlights the development of various methods, including prime editing, integrase-coupled programmable nucleases, and CRISPR-associated transposons (CAST). Each technique has its own capabilities and limitations, and the article discusses strategies to enhance editing efficiency, broaden targeting scope, and improve specificity. The review also explores the applications of these technologies in biology research and translational medicine, such as treating monogenic genetic disorders and integrating chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) into immune cells. Finally, the article identifies future opportunities for improving these technologies and their applications.