Recent advances in bone tissue engineering scaffolds focus on improving their osteogenic and angiogenic properties. Bone scaffolds are designed to support bone cell growth, induce bone formation, and promote vascularization. They are typically made of porous, biodegradable materials that can incorporate growth factors, drugs, genes, or stem cells. Ideal scaffolds must be biocompatible, have appropriate mechanical properties, and provide interconnected porosity for tissue in-growth. They should also be bioresorbable, degrading at a rate that matches the regeneration of bone tissue. Key challenges include achieving the right balance of mechanical strength and porosity, ensuring controlled degradation, and optimizing biomolecule delivery. Recent developments include the use of 3D printing and other fabrication techniques to create scaffolds with multi-scale porosity. Materials such as calcium phosphate, bioglass, and polymers are being explored for their ability to support bone regeneration. Composite scaffolds combining ceramics and polymers offer improved mechanical strength and bioactivity. Biomolecules like growth factors (e.g., BMP, VEGF) and drugs are incorporated into scaffolds to enhance bone formation and vascularization. Osteoinductive scaffolds can stimulate new bone growth, while vascularization is crucial for nutrient and oxygen supply. Recent studies highlight the importance of controlled release of biomolecules and the role of pore structure in bone formation. Future directions include better mimicking natural bone regeneration processes, sequential delivery of biomolecules, and the development of scaffolds with tailored degradation rates. Advances in scaffold design and fabrication, along with interdisciplinary approaches, are essential for next-generation bone tissue engineering.Recent advances in bone tissue engineering scaffolds focus on improving their osteogenic and angiogenic properties. Bone scaffolds are designed to support bone cell growth, induce bone formation, and promote vascularization. They are typically made of porous, biodegradable materials that can incorporate growth factors, drugs, genes, or stem cells. Ideal scaffolds must be biocompatible, have appropriate mechanical properties, and provide interconnected porosity for tissue in-growth. They should also be bioresorbable, degrading at a rate that matches the regeneration of bone tissue. Key challenges include achieving the right balance of mechanical strength and porosity, ensuring controlled degradation, and optimizing biomolecule delivery. Recent developments include the use of 3D printing and other fabrication techniques to create scaffolds with multi-scale porosity. Materials such as calcium phosphate, bioglass, and polymers are being explored for their ability to support bone regeneration. Composite scaffolds combining ceramics and polymers offer improved mechanical strength and bioactivity. Biomolecules like growth factors (e.g., BMP, VEGF) and drugs are incorporated into scaffolds to enhance bone formation and vascularization. Osteoinductive scaffolds can stimulate new bone growth, while vascularization is crucial for nutrient and oxygen supply. Recent studies highlight the importance of controlled release of biomolecules and the role of pore structure in bone formation. Future directions include better mimicking natural bone regeneration processes, sequential delivery of biomolecules, and the development of scaffolds with tailored degradation rates. Advances in scaffold design and fabrication, along with interdisciplinary approaches, are essential for next-generation bone tissue engineering.