This review summarizes recent advances in pretreatment methods for lignocellulosic feedstocks. Lignocellulosic biomass is primarily composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which are tightly bound together. Pretreatment is essential for separating these components and improving their accessibility for enzymatic hydrolysis. However, lignin is a major challenge due to its resistance to solubilization and its inhibitory effect on cellulose and hemicellulose hydrolysis. Pretreatment methods include physical, chemical, and biological approaches. Integrated pretreatment processes combining multiple techniques are beneficial for reducing operational steps and minimizing inhibitors. The selection of pretreatment depends on the application, and various methods such as mechanical extrusion, milling, microwave, ultrasound, pyrolysis, pulsed-electric field, dilute acid, mild-alkali, ozonolysis, organosolv, and ionic liquids have been explored. Each method has its advantages and limitations, with factors such as biomass size, moisture content, and temperature affecting the efficiency of pretreatment. While mechanical extrusion and milling improve sugar yields, they may not be sufficient for all feedstocks. Microwave and ultrasound pretreatments are effective in breaking down lignin and cellulose, while ozonolysis and organosolv methods are useful for lignin removal. Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents offer promising alternatives due to their low toxicity and high efficiency in lignin solubilization. Despite their potential, challenges such as high costs, inhibitor generation, and difficulty in recycling remain. Overall, the development of efficient and sustainable pretreatment methods is crucial for the effective valorization of lignocellulosic biomass.This review summarizes recent advances in pretreatment methods for lignocellulosic feedstocks. Lignocellulosic biomass is primarily composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which are tightly bound together. Pretreatment is essential for separating these components and improving their accessibility for enzymatic hydrolysis. However, lignin is a major challenge due to its resistance to solubilization and its inhibitory effect on cellulose and hemicellulose hydrolysis. Pretreatment methods include physical, chemical, and biological approaches. Integrated pretreatment processes combining multiple techniques are beneficial for reducing operational steps and minimizing inhibitors. The selection of pretreatment depends on the application, and various methods such as mechanical extrusion, milling, microwave, ultrasound, pyrolysis, pulsed-electric field, dilute acid, mild-alkali, ozonolysis, organosolv, and ionic liquids have been explored. Each method has its advantages and limitations, with factors such as biomass size, moisture content, and temperature affecting the efficiency of pretreatment. While mechanical extrusion and milling improve sugar yields, they may not be sufficient for all feedstocks. Microwave and ultrasound pretreatments are effective in breaking down lignin and cellulose, while ozonolysis and organosolv methods are useful for lignin removal. Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents offer promising alternatives due to their low toxicity and high efficiency in lignin solubilization. Despite their potential, challenges such as high costs, inhibitor generation, and difficulty in recycling remain. Overall, the development of efficient and sustainable pretreatment methods is crucial for the effective valorization of lignocellulosic biomass.