The article presents recommendations on the use of 18F-FDG PET in oncology, developed by a multidisciplinary panel of experts. The recommendations focus on the application of 18F-FDG PET in diagnosing, staging, and detecting recurrence or progression of various cancers, including breast, colorectal, esophageal, head and neck, lung, pancreatic, and thyroid cancer, as well as lymphoma, melanoma, and sarcoma. The panel concluded that 18F-FDG PET should be used as an imaging tool in addition to conventional radiologic methods such as CT or MRI. Any positive finding that could lead to a clinically significant change in patient management should be confirmed by subsequent histopathologic examination due to the risk of false-positive results. The panel also indicated that PET is useful for staging certain cancers and for detecting recurrence of breast, colorectal, head and neck, or thyroid cancer and of lymphoma. The article also discusses the history and development of PET technology, highlighting its use in oncology and other areas. It outlines the limitations of 18F-FDG PET, including the potential for false-positive and false-negative results, and the challenges in interpreting PET findings in certain anatomical regions. The panel emphasized the importance of using PET in appropriate clinical settings and highlighted the need for further research to address uncertainties in its application. The article reviews the evidence supporting the use of 18F-FDG PET in various cancers, including breast, colorectal, and liver metastases. The panel found moderate evidence that PET can improve health-care outcomes by avoiding futile surgeries. However, the panel concluded that PET is not beneficial for screening purposes in breast cancer and is not useful for assessing axillary involvement in breast cancer. The panel also determined that PET is inferior to axillary node dissection and sentinel node biopsy in this setting. The article discusses the role of PET in detecting metastatic or recurrent breast cancer, finding that PET should be used routinely in addition to conventional imaging. The panel concluded that PET is beneficial in this context, primarily by avoiding unnecessary surgeries. The article also addresses the use of PET in detecting extrahepatic recurrence or local relapse, finding that PET can help avoid unnecessary surgeries by differentiating between local relapse and postsurgical scars. Overall, the panel's recommendations emphasize the importance of using PET in appropriate clinical settings, while acknowledging its limitations and the need for further research to improve its application in oncology.The article presents recommendations on the use of 18F-FDG PET in oncology, developed by a multidisciplinary panel of experts. The recommendations focus on the application of 18F-FDG PET in diagnosing, staging, and detecting recurrence or progression of various cancers, including breast, colorectal, esophageal, head and neck, lung, pancreatic, and thyroid cancer, as well as lymphoma, melanoma, and sarcoma. The panel concluded that 18F-FDG PET should be used as an imaging tool in addition to conventional radiologic methods such as CT or MRI. Any positive finding that could lead to a clinically significant change in patient management should be confirmed by subsequent histopathologic examination due to the risk of false-positive results. The panel also indicated that PET is useful for staging certain cancers and for detecting recurrence of breast, colorectal, head and neck, or thyroid cancer and of lymphoma. The article also discusses the history and development of PET technology, highlighting its use in oncology and other areas. It outlines the limitations of 18F-FDG PET, including the potential for false-positive and false-negative results, and the challenges in interpreting PET findings in certain anatomical regions. The panel emphasized the importance of using PET in appropriate clinical settings and highlighted the need for further research to address uncertainties in its application. The article reviews the evidence supporting the use of 18F-FDG PET in various cancers, including breast, colorectal, and liver metastases. The panel found moderate evidence that PET can improve health-care outcomes by avoiding futile surgeries. However, the panel concluded that PET is not beneficial for screening purposes in breast cancer and is not useful for assessing axillary involvement in breast cancer. The panel also determined that PET is inferior to axillary node dissection and sentinel node biopsy in this setting. The article discusses the role of PET in detecting metastatic or recurrent breast cancer, finding that PET should be used routinely in addition to conventional imaging. The panel concluded that PET is beneficial in this context, primarily by avoiding unnecessary surgeries. The article also addresses the use of PET in detecting extrahepatic recurrence or local relapse, finding that PET can help avoid unnecessary surgeries by differentiating between local relapse and postsurgical scars. Overall, the panel's recommendations emphasize the importance of using PET in appropriate clinical settings, while acknowledging its limitations and the need for further research to improve its application in oncology.