Redox homeostasis and Nrf2-regulated mechanisms are critical in male infertility. The review highlights the role of oxidative stress (OS) and the Nrf2 pathway in sperm quality and fertility. OS disrupts sperm membrane and DNA integrity, leading to reduced motility, DNA fragmentation, and impaired fertilization. Nrf2, an antioxidant transcription factor, regulates genes involved in redox balance, detoxification, and inflammation, protecting spermatogenesis and sperm quality. The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway is essential for maintaining redox homeostasis, with Nrf2 activating antioxidant enzymes like SOD, CAT, and GPx to counteract OS. Nrf2 deficiency in mice leads to impaired spermatogenesis, reduced sperm motility, and increased oxidative damage. Nrf2 also plays a role in thermoregulation, sperm storage, and cryopreservation. Compounds targeting Nrf2, such as curcumin, NAC, and aucubin, show promise in improving sperm quality and reducing oxidative stress. Nrf2 modulation through diet, antioxidants, and pharmacological agents may offer therapeutic strategies for male infertility. The review emphasizes the importance of understanding Nrf2's role in male fertility to develop effective interventions.Redox homeostasis and Nrf2-regulated mechanisms are critical in male infertility. The review highlights the role of oxidative stress (OS) and the Nrf2 pathway in sperm quality and fertility. OS disrupts sperm membrane and DNA integrity, leading to reduced motility, DNA fragmentation, and impaired fertilization. Nrf2, an antioxidant transcription factor, regulates genes involved in redox balance, detoxification, and inflammation, protecting spermatogenesis and sperm quality. The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway is essential for maintaining redox homeostasis, with Nrf2 activating antioxidant enzymes like SOD, CAT, and GPx to counteract OS. Nrf2 deficiency in mice leads to impaired spermatogenesis, reduced sperm motility, and increased oxidative damage. Nrf2 also plays a role in thermoregulation, sperm storage, and cryopreservation. Compounds targeting Nrf2, such as curcumin, NAC, and aucubin, show promise in improving sperm quality and reducing oxidative stress. Nrf2 modulation through diet, antioxidants, and pharmacological agents may offer therapeutic strategies for male infertility. The review emphasizes the importance of understanding Nrf2's role in male fertility to develop effective interventions.