The study evaluated the hypothesis that changes in transplant practices over a decade have improved outcomes for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. The researchers compared outcomes from 1993–1997 (n=1418) and 2003–2007 (n=1148) and analyzed the frequency and severity of major complications. They found statistically significant decreases in non-relapse mortality, overall mortality, relapse or progression of malignancy, and severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), as well as reduced risk of infections and organ damage. These improvements were consistent across subgroups, including those with higher pretransplant illness severity. The findings suggest that reduced-intensity conditioning regimens, better infection control, and more effective GVHD management have contributed to the enhanced outcomes.The study evaluated the hypothesis that changes in transplant practices over a decade have improved outcomes for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. The researchers compared outcomes from 1993–1997 (n=1418) and 2003–2007 (n=1148) and analyzed the frequency and severity of major complications. They found statistically significant decreases in non-relapse mortality, overall mortality, relapse or progression of malignancy, and severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), as well as reduced risk of infections and organ damage. These improvements were consistent across subgroups, including those with higher pretransplant illness severity. The findings suggest that reduced-intensity conditioning regimens, better infection control, and more effective GVHD management have contributed to the enhanced outcomes.