This study investigates the removal of amoxicillin from contaminated water using modified bentonite as an adsorbent. Modified bentonite was created by adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB), transforming it from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. Batch experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of contact time, pH, agitation speed, initial concentration, and adsorbent dosage on amoxicillin removal. The maximum removal efficiency of 93% was achieved at 240 minutes contact time, pH 10, 200 rpm agitation speed, 30 ppm initial concentration, and 3 g bentonite per liter. The modified bentonite was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. The adsorption data fit well with the Freundlich isotherm model (R² = 94.77), indicating heterogeneity in the adsorption process. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model (R² = 95.1) was also suitable for describing the adsorption process. Thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption process is physisorption and endothermic. The modified bentonite proved to be an effective adsorbent for removing amoxicillin from contaminated water. The study highlights the potential of modified bentonite as a cost-effective and efficient adsorbent for the removal of antibiotics from wastewater.This study investigates the removal of amoxicillin from contaminated water using modified bentonite as an adsorbent. Modified bentonite was created by adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (HTAB), transforming it from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. Batch experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of contact time, pH, agitation speed, initial concentration, and adsorbent dosage on amoxicillin removal. The maximum removal efficiency of 93% was achieved at 240 minutes contact time, pH 10, 200 rpm agitation speed, 30 ppm initial concentration, and 3 g bentonite per liter. The modified bentonite was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. The adsorption data fit well with the Freundlich isotherm model (R² = 94.77), indicating heterogeneity in the adsorption process. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model (R² = 95.1) was also suitable for describing the adsorption process. Thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption process is physisorption and endothermic. The modified bentonite proved to be an effective adsorbent for removing amoxicillin from contaminated water. The study highlights the potential of modified bentonite as a cost-effective and efficient adsorbent for the removal of antibiotics from wastewater.