The paper reviews the research progress on non-noble metal catalysts for CO2 methanation, a process that converts CO2 and H2 into methane (CH4). The thermodynamics and kinetics of the reaction are discussed, highlighting the favorable conditions at low temperatures and high pressures. The effects of catalyst supports, preparation methods, and promoters on catalytic performance are also reviewed. The impact of reaction conditions such as temperature, pressure, space velocity, and H2/CO2 ratio on catalyst performance is analyzed. The mechanisms of CO2 methanation, including the CO intermediate and formate intermediate pathways, are summarized. The paper aims to deepen the understanding of non-noble metal catalysts in CO2 methanation and provide insights for improving catalyst performance. Key findings include the importance of maintaining catalyst activity at low temperatures, optimizing reaction conditions, and modifying catalysts to enhance their catalytic activity and stability.The paper reviews the research progress on non-noble metal catalysts for CO2 methanation, a process that converts CO2 and H2 into methane (CH4). The thermodynamics and kinetics of the reaction are discussed, highlighting the favorable conditions at low temperatures and high pressures. The effects of catalyst supports, preparation methods, and promoters on catalytic performance are also reviewed. The impact of reaction conditions such as temperature, pressure, space velocity, and H2/CO2 ratio on catalyst performance is analyzed. The mechanisms of CO2 methanation, including the CO intermediate and formate intermediate pathways, are summarized. The paper aims to deepen the understanding of non-noble metal catalysts in CO2 methanation and provide insights for improving catalyst performance. Key findings include the importance of maintaining catalyst activity at low temperatures, optimizing reaction conditions, and modifying catalysts to enhance their catalytic activity and stability.