The article reviews the current research progress in vascularization strategies for tissue-engineered bone, highlighting the critical role of vascularization in bone regeneration. Bone defects caused by various conditions such as fractures, tumors, and infections pose significant challenges in clinical treatment. Tissue-engineered bone, which involves the use of biomaterials, growth factors, and cells, has shown promising application prospects. However, the main bottleneck in this field is the slow or absent vascularization after biomaterial implantation, which can lead to delayed or failed osteogenesis. The article discusses the importance of rapid vascularization in providing nutrients and transport of metabolites, emphasizing the need for early establishment of vascular networks. Researchers have modified scaffold materials by altering their physical and chemical properties, loading growth factor systems, and incorporating trace elements to promote early angiogenesis and bone regeneration. Key mechanisms linking bone tissue vascularization and osteogenesis are explored, including the role of H-type blood vessels in promoting osteogenic differentiation and the interaction between angiogenesis and osteogenesis through various signaling pathways. The article also reviews the effects of physicochemical properties of bone bioscaffolds on angiogenesis, such as surface topography, porosity, and pore size, and the use of 3D bioprinting and microfluidics to enhance vascularized osteogenesis. Additionally, the article examines the impact of cytokine-loaded bone bioscaffolds on angiogenesis, highlighting the use of growth factors like VEGF, bFGF, and TGF-β, and the challenges in controlling their release and dosage. The role of trace elements such as magnesium, strontium, cobalt, copper, and silicon in promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis is also discussed, along with their potential side effects and optimal concentrations. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the need for further research to optimize scaffold materials, improve vascularization, and understand the mechanisms of trace elements in promoting bone regeneration.The article reviews the current research progress in vascularization strategies for tissue-engineered bone, highlighting the critical role of vascularization in bone regeneration. Bone defects caused by various conditions such as fractures, tumors, and infections pose significant challenges in clinical treatment. Tissue-engineered bone, which involves the use of biomaterials, growth factors, and cells, has shown promising application prospects. However, the main bottleneck in this field is the slow or absent vascularization after biomaterial implantation, which can lead to delayed or failed osteogenesis. The article discusses the importance of rapid vascularization in providing nutrients and transport of metabolites, emphasizing the need for early establishment of vascular networks. Researchers have modified scaffold materials by altering their physical and chemical properties, loading growth factor systems, and incorporating trace elements to promote early angiogenesis and bone regeneration. Key mechanisms linking bone tissue vascularization and osteogenesis are explored, including the role of H-type blood vessels in promoting osteogenic differentiation and the interaction between angiogenesis and osteogenesis through various signaling pathways. The article also reviews the effects of physicochemical properties of bone bioscaffolds on angiogenesis, such as surface topography, porosity, and pore size, and the use of 3D bioprinting and microfluidics to enhance vascularized osteogenesis. Additionally, the article examines the impact of cytokine-loaded bone bioscaffolds on angiogenesis, highlighting the use of growth factors like VEGF, bFGF, and TGF-β, and the challenges in controlling their release and dosage. The role of trace elements such as magnesium, strontium, cobalt, copper, and silicon in promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis is also discussed, along with their potential side effects and optimal concentrations. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the need for further research to optimize scaffold materials, improve vascularization, and understand the mechanisms of trace elements in promoting bone regeneration.