The article "Resolution of Inflammation: State of the Art, Definitions and Terms" by Charles N. Serhan and colleagues reviews the recent progress in understanding the resolution of acute inflammation and its therapeutic potential. The authors emphasize that inflammation is not a passive process but an active one, involving the activation of endogenous biochemical pathways that counter-regulate inflammation and promote resolution. Key cell types, such as leukocytes (polymorphonuclear neutrophils and eosinophils), play crucial roles in the resolution process by neutralizing and eliminating harmful stimuli, followed by cell clearance and tissue repair. The resolution phase is defined as the interval from maximum neutrophil infiltration to their loss from the tissue, with mononuclear cells taking over to facilitate tissue repair. The article highlights the importance of "pro-resolution" factors, which control inflammation and have been identified in recent years. These factors, including lipoxins, resolvins, and prostaglandins, are essential for maintaining homeostasis and promoting resolution. The authors also discuss the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and Nod-like receptors (NLRs) in both the initiation and resolution of inflammation, noting that negative regulators of these receptors can limit inflammation and promote resolution. The clinical implications of non-resolving inflammation are explored, emphasizing the need for new clinical and pathological indices to measure resolution and repair. The article suggests that current anti-inflammatory therapies, while effective in controlling inflammation, often fail to achieve permanent resolution due to the subversion of natural resolution programs in chronic inflammatory diseases. The authors advocate for a shift in drug development towards targeting pro-resolution pathways, which could lead to more effective and tolerable treatments for inflammatory diseases. Overall, the article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge in the field of inflammation resolution, highlighting the potential for novel therapeutic approaches based on understanding and promoting this process.The article "Resolution of Inflammation: State of the Art, Definitions and Terms" by Charles N. Serhan and colleagues reviews the recent progress in understanding the resolution of acute inflammation and its therapeutic potential. The authors emphasize that inflammation is not a passive process but an active one, involving the activation of endogenous biochemical pathways that counter-regulate inflammation and promote resolution. Key cell types, such as leukocytes (polymorphonuclear neutrophils and eosinophils), play crucial roles in the resolution process by neutralizing and eliminating harmful stimuli, followed by cell clearance and tissue repair. The resolution phase is defined as the interval from maximum neutrophil infiltration to their loss from the tissue, with mononuclear cells taking over to facilitate tissue repair. The article highlights the importance of "pro-resolution" factors, which control inflammation and have been identified in recent years. These factors, including lipoxins, resolvins, and prostaglandins, are essential for maintaining homeostasis and promoting resolution. The authors also discuss the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and Nod-like receptors (NLRs) in both the initiation and resolution of inflammation, noting that negative regulators of these receptors can limit inflammation and promote resolution. The clinical implications of non-resolving inflammation are explored, emphasizing the need for new clinical and pathological indices to measure resolution and repair. The article suggests that current anti-inflammatory therapies, while effective in controlling inflammation, often fail to achieve permanent resolution due to the subversion of natural resolution programs in chronic inflammatory diseases. The authors advocate for a shift in drug development towards targeting pro-resolution pathways, which could lead to more effective and tolerable treatments for inflammatory diseases. Overall, the article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge in the field of inflammation resolution, highlighting the potential for novel therapeutic approaches based on understanding and promoting this process.