Resolvins are a family of bioactive products derived from the transformation of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), through enzymatic pathways initiated by aspirin treatment. These compounds play a critical role in resolving inflammation by counteracting proinflammatory signals. Aspirin acetylates cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), enabling the biosynthesis of 17R-hydroxy-containing di- and tri-hydroxy-docosanoids, termed resolvins. These resolvins are produced in various tissues, including brain, leukocytes, and vascular cells, and are potent regulators of inflammation resolution. In mice and humans, DHA is converted to 17R-hydroxy-DHA (17R-HDHA) via COX-2 and aspirin treatment. This conversion is further processed by leukocytes and inflammatory exudates to generate di- and trihydroxy-DHA products, which inhibit cytokine production and reduce leukocyte exudates in inflammatory conditions. These resolvins are chemically redundant and function to dampen inflammation, promoting a proresolution state. The biosynthesis of resolvins involves multiple enzymatic pathways, including lipoxygenation and epoxidation, and is influenced by the presence of omega-3 fatty acids. These compounds are effective in reducing inflammation in both in vitro and in vivo models, including peritonitis and air pouch inflammation. Resolvins derived from DHA and EPA exhibit similar anti-inflammatory properties, highlighting their functional redundancies in resolving inflammation. The study also demonstrates that COX-2, when acetylated by aspirin, plays a key role in generating resolvins, which are essential for the resolution of inflammation. These findings suggest that resolvins are important endogenous compounds that contribute to the resolution of inflammatory diseases. The mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory actions of resolvins, including their ability to inhibit leukocyte recruitment and cytokine production, are critical for understanding the role of omega-3 fatty acids in inflammation resolution. Overall, resolvins represent a novel class of bioactive compounds that enhance the resolution of inflammation and may have therapeutic applications in inflammatory diseases.Resolvins are a family of bioactive products derived from the transformation of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), through enzymatic pathways initiated by aspirin treatment. These compounds play a critical role in resolving inflammation by counteracting proinflammatory signals. Aspirin acetylates cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), enabling the biosynthesis of 17R-hydroxy-containing di- and tri-hydroxy-docosanoids, termed resolvins. These resolvins are produced in various tissues, including brain, leukocytes, and vascular cells, and are potent regulators of inflammation resolution. In mice and humans, DHA is converted to 17R-hydroxy-DHA (17R-HDHA) via COX-2 and aspirin treatment. This conversion is further processed by leukocytes and inflammatory exudates to generate di- and trihydroxy-DHA products, which inhibit cytokine production and reduce leukocyte exudates in inflammatory conditions. These resolvins are chemically redundant and function to dampen inflammation, promoting a proresolution state. The biosynthesis of resolvins involves multiple enzymatic pathways, including lipoxygenation and epoxidation, and is influenced by the presence of omega-3 fatty acids. These compounds are effective in reducing inflammation in both in vitro and in vivo models, including peritonitis and air pouch inflammation. Resolvins derived from DHA and EPA exhibit similar anti-inflammatory properties, highlighting their functional redundancies in resolving inflammation. The study also demonstrates that COX-2, when acetylated by aspirin, plays a key role in generating resolvins, which are essential for the resolution of inflammation. These findings suggest that resolvins are important endogenous compounds that contribute to the resolution of inflammatory diseases. The mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory actions of resolvins, including their ability to inhibit leukocyte recruitment and cytokine production, are critical for understanding the role of omega-3 fatty acids in inflammation resolution. Overall, resolvins represent a novel class of bioactive compounds that enhance the resolution of inflammation and may have therapeutic applications in inflammatory diseases.