The article discusses the role of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in inflammation resolution, focusing on resolvins and protectins derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). These SPMs, including lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins, are involved in the active resolution of inflammation, which is a critical process in maintaining tissue homeostasis. The resolution of inflammation is not a passive process but is regulated by biochemical mediators and receptor-signaling pathways. The article highlights the biosynthetic pathways of these mediators, their roles in inflammation and resolution, and their therapeutic potential. The inflammatory response involves the release of pro-inflammatory lipid mediators such as leukotrienes and prostaglandins, which initiate and amplify the inflammatory process. However, the resolution of inflammation is an active process that involves the action of SPMs, which help to clear inflammatory cells, reduce tissue damage, and restore homeostasis. These SPMs include lipoxins, which are formed from arachidonic acid and have anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving actions. Resolvins, derived from omega-3 fatty acids, also play a key role in resolving inflammation by reducing inflammation and promoting tissue repair. The article also discusses the biosynthesis of resolvins from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), including the E-series and D-series resolvins. These resolvins are synthesized through enzymatic pathways involving lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases. The study of these mediators has led to the identification of their structures, stereochemistry, and biological activities. The article emphasizes the therapeutic potential of these SPMs, as they have shown efficacy in various inflammatory conditions, including acute lung injury, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and chronic inflammatory diseases. The article also discusses the metabolic inactivation of resolvins and their analogs, highlighting the importance of understanding their metabolism for developing effective therapeutic strategies. The biological actions of resolvins, including their ability to reduce inflammation, promote tissue repair, and modulate immune responses, are discussed in detail. The study of these mediators has provided new insights into the mechanisms of inflammation resolution and has opened up new avenues for the development of therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases.The article discusses the role of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in inflammation resolution, focusing on resolvins and protectins derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). These SPMs, including lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins, are involved in the active resolution of inflammation, which is a critical process in maintaining tissue homeostasis. The resolution of inflammation is not a passive process but is regulated by biochemical mediators and receptor-signaling pathways. The article highlights the biosynthetic pathways of these mediators, their roles in inflammation and resolution, and their therapeutic potential. The inflammatory response involves the release of pro-inflammatory lipid mediators such as leukotrienes and prostaglandins, which initiate and amplify the inflammatory process. However, the resolution of inflammation is an active process that involves the action of SPMs, which help to clear inflammatory cells, reduce tissue damage, and restore homeostasis. These SPMs include lipoxins, which are formed from arachidonic acid and have anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving actions. Resolvins, derived from omega-3 fatty acids, also play a key role in resolving inflammation by reducing inflammation and promoting tissue repair. The article also discusses the biosynthesis of resolvins from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), including the E-series and D-series resolvins. These resolvins are synthesized through enzymatic pathways involving lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases. The study of these mediators has led to the identification of their structures, stereochemistry, and biological activities. The article emphasizes the therapeutic potential of these SPMs, as they have shown efficacy in various inflammatory conditions, including acute lung injury, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and chronic inflammatory diseases. The article also discusses the metabolic inactivation of resolvins and their analogs, highlighting the importance of understanding their metabolism for developing effective therapeutic strategies. The biological actions of resolvins, including their ability to reduce inflammation, promote tissue repair, and modulate immune responses, are discussed in detail. The study of these mediators has provided new insights into the mechanisms of inflammation resolution and has opened up new avenues for the development of therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases.