2011 October 12; 111(10): 5922–5943 | Charles N. Serhan† and Nicos A. Petasis†
The chapter discusses the role of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) in the resolution of inflammation, focusing on resolvins and protectins derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). It highlights the importance of these mediators in regulating the progression and resolution of inflammatory processes, which are crucial for maintaining health and preventing diseases such as cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurological disorders. The chapter outlines the biosynthetic pathways of these mediators, their biological actions, and their potential therapeutic applications. Key mediators discussed include lipoxins, E-series resolvins, D-series resolvins, neuroprotectins/neuroprotectins, and maresins. The chapter also explores the time-course of lipid mediator pathways during inflammation and resolution, emphasizing the switch from pro-inflammatory to pro-resolving mediators over time. Additionally, it provides detailed information on the biosynthesis, stereochemistry, and biological actions of specific resolvins, such as RvE1 and RvD1, and their metabolites. The chapter concludes by discussing the potential of these mediators as therapeutic targets for various inflammatory diseases.The chapter discusses the role of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) in the resolution of inflammation, focusing on resolvins and protectins derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). It highlights the importance of these mediators in regulating the progression and resolution of inflammatory processes, which are crucial for maintaining health and preventing diseases such as cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurological disorders. The chapter outlines the biosynthetic pathways of these mediators, their biological actions, and their potential therapeutic applications. Key mediators discussed include lipoxins, E-series resolvins, D-series resolvins, neuroprotectins/neuroprotectins, and maresins. The chapter also explores the time-course of lipid mediator pathways during inflammation and resolution, emphasizing the switch from pro-inflammatory to pro-resolving mediators over time. Additionally, it provides detailed information on the biosynthesis, stereochemistry, and biological actions of specific resolvins, such as RvE1 and RvD1, and their metabolites. The chapter concludes by discussing the potential of these mediators as therapeutic targets for various inflammatory diseases.