Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of infection across all ages, with varying degrees of severity. It is a significant cause of hospitalization, particularly in older adults and those with comorbidities. RSV infection has a wide range of clinical presentations, from asymptomatic to severe lower respiratory tract infections (LTRIs). The incidence of RSV infections requiring medical attention increases with age, peaking in individuals over 70 years old. RSV is the third most common viral cause of hospitalization, with a high burden in older adults. There is no specific anti-RSV treatment, but active immunization is now available and effective in adults, especially those with chronic comorbidities. Recent vaccines such as Arexvy (GSK) and Abrysvo (Pfizer) have shown high efficacy in preventing RSV infections in older adults. RSV infections are often under-recognized in adults, and there is an urgent need for antivirals and preventive strategies, particularly in high-risk individuals. RSV spreads through respiratory droplets and fomites, and its clinical presentation can be similar to other respiratory viruses. RSV infections can lead to severe complications, including pneumonia and respiratory failure, especially in those with chronic diseases. Diagnostic methods include viral culture, antigen detection, RT-PCR, and serological tests. Management remains supportive, with no specific antiviral treatment available for adults. Prevention strategies include hygiene measures, passive immunization (e.g., palivizumab and nirsevimab for infants), and active immunization with recent vaccines showing high efficacy in older adults. RSV vaccine development has progressed, with several candidates in clinical trials, including subunit vaccines and bivalent vaccines targeting both RSV-A and RSV-B subtypes. These vaccines have shown promising results in reducing RSV-related hospitalizations and severe infections in older adults. The burden of RSV in older adults is significant, and there is a need for continued research and development of effective prevention and treatment strategies.Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of infection across all ages, with varying degrees of severity. It is a significant cause of hospitalization, particularly in older adults and those with comorbidities. RSV infection has a wide range of clinical presentations, from asymptomatic to severe lower respiratory tract infections (LTRIs). The incidence of RSV infections requiring medical attention increases with age, peaking in individuals over 70 years old. RSV is the third most common viral cause of hospitalization, with a high burden in older adults. There is no specific anti-RSV treatment, but active immunization is now available and effective in adults, especially those with chronic comorbidities. Recent vaccines such as Arexvy (GSK) and Abrysvo (Pfizer) have shown high efficacy in preventing RSV infections in older adults. RSV infections are often under-recognized in adults, and there is an urgent need for antivirals and preventive strategies, particularly in high-risk individuals. RSV spreads through respiratory droplets and fomites, and its clinical presentation can be similar to other respiratory viruses. RSV infections can lead to severe complications, including pneumonia and respiratory failure, especially in those with chronic diseases. Diagnostic methods include viral culture, antigen detection, RT-PCR, and serological tests. Management remains supportive, with no specific antiviral treatment available for adults. Prevention strategies include hygiene measures, passive immunization (e.g., palivizumab and nirsevimab for infants), and active immunization with recent vaccines showing high efficacy in older adults. RSV vaccine development has progressed, with several candidates in clinical trials, including subunit vaccines and bivalent vaccines targeting both RSV-A and RSV-B subtypes. These vaccines have shown promising results in reducing RSV-related hospitalizations and severe infections in older adults. The burden of RSV in older adults is significant, and there is a need for continued research and development of effective prevention and treatment strategies.