The article by Thomas R. Insel reconsiders the understanding and treatment of schizophrenia, a chronic and disabling mental disorder affecting about 1% of the global population. Despite a century of research, the cause of schizophrenia remains unknown, and current treatments, primarily pharmacological, have shown limited success in improving outcomes. Insel suggests that viewing schizophrenia as a neurodevelopmental disorder, with psychosis as a late-stage preventable condition, could lead to new hopes for prevention and cure. This perspective shift is based on the observation that schizophrenia often emerges during late adolescence or early adulthood, a period of critical brain development. The article highlights the importance of early detection and intervention, emphasizing the need for sensitive and specific diagnostic tools and effective interventions. It also discusses the potential of using induced pluripotent stem cells to study the disorder and develop new treatments. By 2030, Insel envisions a future where schizophrenia is better understood, with improved early detection, more effective treatments, and a focus on preventing and curing the disorder.The article by Thomas R. Insel reconsiders the understanding and treatment of schizophrenia, a chronic and disabling mental disorder affecting about 1% of the global population. Despite a century of research, the cause of schizophrenia remains unknown, and current treatments, primarily pharmacological, have shown limited success in improving outcomes. Insel suggests that viewing schizophrenia as a neurodevelopmental disorder, with psychosis as a late-stage preventable condition, could lead to new hopes for prevention and cure. This perspective shift is based on the observation that schizophrenia often emerges during late adolescence or early adulthood, a period of critical brain development. The article highlights the importance of early detection and intervention, emphasizing the need for sensitive and specific diagnostic tools and effective interventions. It also discusses the potential of using induced pluripotent stem cells to study the disorder and develop new treatments. By 2030, Insel envisions a future where schizophrenia is better understood, with improved early detection, more effective treatments, and a focus on preventing and curing the disorder.