This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in the development and application of conductive polymer composites for supercapacitor technology. Conductive polymers, known for their electrical conductivity, flexibility, and ease of synthesis, have emerged as promising candidates for energy storage systems due to their high power density, rapid charge/discharge capabilities, and long cycle life. The review begins with an overview of the fundamental principles governing electrical conductivity in conductive polymers, including doping and de-doping, π-electron delocalization, and redox reactions. It then delves into the properties of conductive polymers and the challenges associated with their implementation in supercapacitors, highlighting the limitations of pristine conductive polymers and the strategies employed to overcome these drawbacks through composite formation. The review explores the advantages and disadvantages of conductive polymer composites and their applications in supercapacitors, emphasizing the importance of material selection, composite structure, and electrochemical performance. It discusses the synthesis methods for conductive polymer composites, such as in situ polymerization, solution casting, and electrochemical deposition, and the factors that influence their performance, including high surface area and cycling stability. The review also covers the classification of supercapacitors into three types: Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLCs), Pseudocapacitors, and Hybrid Supercapacitors. EDLCs store charge electrostatically, while pseudocapacitors store charge through reversible redox reactions. Hybrid supercapacitors combine the features of both EDLCs and pseudocapacitors. The review highlights the applications of supercapacitors in various industries, including electronics, thermoelectric, energy storage, and renewable energy, emphasizing their benefits over traditional batteries and capacitors. Finally, the review discusses the potential of flexible electronics and wearable devices, where conductive polymer composites play a crucial role in achieving high power density and flexibility. The review concludes by highlighting the ongoing research efforts to further enhance the performance and versatility of conductive polymer composites for supercapacitor applications.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in the development and application of conductive polymer composites for supercapacitor technology. Conductive polymers, known for their electrical conductivity, flexibility, and ease of synthesis, have emerged as promising candidates for energy storage systems due to their high power density, rapid charge/discharge capabilities, and long cycle life. The review begins with an overview of the fundamental principles governing electrical conductivity in conductive polymers, including doping and de-doping, π-electron delocalization, and redox reactions. It then delves into the properties of conductive polymers and the challenges associated with their implementation in supercapacitors, highlighting the limitations of pristine conductive polymers and the strategies employed to overcome these drawbacks through composite formation. The review explores the advantages and disadvantages of conductive polymer composites and their applications in supercapacitors, emphasizing the importance of material selection, composite structure, and electrochemical performance. It discusses the synthesis methods for conductive polymer composites, such as in situ polymerization, solution casting, and electrochemical deposition, and the factors that influence their performance, including high surface area and cycling stability. The review also covers the classification of supercapacitors into three types: Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLCs), Pseudocapacitors, and Hybrid Supercapacitors. EDLCs store charge electrostatically, while pseudocapacitors store charge through reversible redox reactions. Hybrid supercapacitors combine the features of both EDLCs and pseudocapacitors. The review highlights the applications of supercapacitors in various industries, including electronics, thermoelectric, energy storage, and renewable energy, emphasizing their benefits over traditional batteries and capacitors. Finally, the review discusses the potential of flexible electronics and wearable devices, where conductive polymer composites play a crucial role in achieving high power density and flexibility. The review concludes by highlighting the ongoing research efforts to further enhance the performance and versatility of conductive polymer composites for supercapacitor applications.