This review discusses the applications, health benefits, and negative effects of molasses. Molasses is a byproduct of sugar and citrus fruit processing, and it is used in various sectors, including beverage production, acetic acid synthesis, baker's yeast cultivation, animal feed, and as a fertilizer. It is a valuable source of carbohydrates and contains essential minerals such as iron, which is important for preventing iron deficiency anemia. Studies have shown that molasses can help regulate glucose levels and improve insulin secretion. However, molasses can also cause health issues such as molasses toxicity, urea toxicity, and bloat in livestock. Additionally, its production and use contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. Molasses has various applications in food and non-food processes, including osmotic dehydration of fruits and vegetables, production of bakery products, and as a component in compounds fertilizer. It is also used in the production of rum, lactic acid, ethanol, and sophorolipids. Molasses serves as a substrate for the production of biohydrogen and flavonoid glycosides. From a health perspective, molasses can lower the glycemic index and insulin response, and it is a source of antioxidants and polyphenols. However, its use may pose risks, including disease and increased greenhouse gas emissions. Overall, molasses is a versatile substance with a wide range of applications, but its use must be carefully managed to minimize potential negative effects.This review discusses the applications, health benefits, and negative effects of molasses. Molasses is a byproduct of sugar and citrus fruit processing, and it is used in various sectors, including beverage production, acetic acid synthesis, baker's yeast cultivation, animal feed, and as a fertilizer. It is a valuable source of carbohydrates and contains essential minerals such as iron, which is important for preventing iron deficiency anemia. Studies have shown that molasses can help regulate glucose levels and improve insulin secretion. However, molasses can also cause health issues such as molasses toxicity, urea toxicity, and bloat in livestock. Additionally, its production and use contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. Molasses has various applications in food and non-food processes, including osmotic dehydration of fruits and vegetables, production of bakery products, and as a component in compounds fertilizer. It is also used in the production of rum, lactic acid, ethanol, and sophorolipids. Molasses serves as a substrate for the production of biohydrogen and flavonoid glycosides. From a health perspective, molasses can lower the glycemic index and insulin response, and it is a source of antioxidants and polyphenols. However, its use may pose risks, including disease and increased greenhouse gas emissions. Overall, molasses is a versatile substance with a wide range of applications, but its use must be carefully managed to minimize potential negative effects.